Mulitiscale spatiotemporal structures in mode-locked fiber lasers

Abstract

Using an Er-doped fiber laser as a test bed, here we for the first time experimentally demonstrate the simultaneous effect of the fast scale (round-trip time) and slow scale (thousands round-trip time) instabilities on the emergence of breathers similar to the Akhmediev breathers, Peregrine solitons, and partially mode-locked chaotic solitons. The anomalous statistics of the laser output power justifies the connection of the observed spatiotemporal structures with bright and dark rogue waves. Apart from the interest in laser physics for revealing mechanisms of the multiscale dynamics, the obtained results can be of fundamental interest for studying spatiotemporal patterns induced by the interplay of the mechanisms mentioned above in various distributed systems.

Concurrent Passive Mode-Locked and Self- Q -Switched Operation in Laser Systems

“…Periodic DS evolution is not necessarily a smooth process described by a sinusoidlike function. In a nonlinear system, the DS train envelopes can take the shape of longer pulses with sharp peak amplitudes [22,24,25]. These bursts of DS amplitude occupying many round-trips may occur periodically.…”

Q -switching bifurcation dynamics of passively mode-locked lasers

“…1 serves as the scaling parameter for comparisons of these type of plots with experimental ones. A 024221-2 typical Q-switched pulse in experiments consists of hundreds or thousands of DSs [18,42,43]. In order to stay in this range, z in Fig.…”

“…Another form is a Q-switched pulse of triangular shape with a sharp peak at the maximum [41]. This form needs more careful studies as it was observed experimentally [40,42,43]. Moreover, the dynamics of these pulses is more complex than being simply periodic.…”

Visible‐Wavelength Spatiotemporal Mode‐Locked Fiber Laser Delivering 9 ps, 4 nJ Pulses at 635 nm

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] It is worth pointing out that STML in multimode fiber lasers have been first found by L. G. Wright et al in 2017, [12][13][14] but the experimental demonstrations are mostly limited to the near-infrared spectral region. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] In particular, in the 380-780 nm visible region STML fiber laser has almost no progress, but the visible waveband is very important to underwater detection and communication, super-resolution imaging, precision spectroscopy, etc. Therefore, there is strong research motivation to explore the STML operating in visible wavelength.…”