Multi-barrel electrodes containing an internal micro-reference for the improved visualization of galvanic corrosion processes in magnesium-based materials using potentiometric scanning electrochemical microscopy

Filotás, Dániel; Fernández-Pérez, B.M.; Nagy, Lı́via; Nagy, Géza

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2019.126625

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Another development will be the combined use of multiple potentiometric sensors in a single probe through the use of multibarrel electrode configurations. That is, by building a single probe assembly containing two or more microelectrodes for selective chemical sensing with spatial resolution [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. In particular, combined distributions of Zn 2+ ions and pH can be performed with the same probe in a single scan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of Microelectrochemical Scanning Techniques for the Efficient Detection of Localized Corrosion Processes at the Cut Edges of Polymer-Coated Galvanized Steel

et al. 2022

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Spatially resolved information on corrosion reactions operating at the cut edges of coated metals can be obtained using microelectrochemical scanning techniques using a suitable selection of operation modes and scanning probes. The scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) provides current density maps with a spatial resolution of the order of the dimensions of the sample, which allows the temporal evolution of the corrosion reactions to be followed over time. This leads to the identification and localization of cathodic and anodic sites, although the technique lacks chemical specificity for the unequivocal identification of the reactive species. The application of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was previously limited to image cathodic reaction sites, either due to oxygen consumption in the amperometric operation or by the alkalinisation of the electrolyte in potentiometric operation. However, it is shown that anodic sites can be effectively monitored using an ion-selective microelectrode (ISME) as a probe. The ISME probes detected differences in the local concentrations of Zn2+ and OH− ions from the cut edges of a complete coil coating system compared to the same system after the polymeric layers were removed. In this way, it has been shown that the inhibitor loading in the polymer layers effectively contributes to reducing the corrosion rates at the cut edge, thus helping to extend the useful life of the sacrificial galvanized layer bonded directly to the steel matrix. Additionally, these two probe configurations can be integrated into a multi-electrode tip for potentiometric operation to simultaneously monitor localized changes in pH values and metal ion dissolution in a single scan. Spatial and temporal distributions were further investigated using different rastering procedures, and the potential of constructing pseudomaps for 2D-imaging is described.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of Microelectrochemical Scanning Techniques for the Efficient Detection of Localized Corrosion Processes at the Cut Edges of Polymer-Coated Galvanized Steel

et al. 2022

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“…Therefore, a double barrel microelectrode assembly gave more reliable data. The same research group presented a multibarrel electrode assembly containing an ionophore-based Mg 2+ -selective microelectrode, an antimony-based pH-selective microelectrode, and an internal reference electrode . This configuration allowed the researchers to simultaneous monitor pH and Mg 2+ distributions above a magnesium alloy during corrosion using scanning electrochemical microscopy in the potentiometric mode.…”

Section: Miniaturized Ion-selective Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiometric Sensing

2020

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“…In particular, it has found application for studying the corrosion of Mg and its alloys 12,14 . Thus, investigations on electron transfer reactions 15 , pH monitoring 16 , detection of hydrogen (H2) gas evolution [17][18][19][20] , and quantification of Mg 2+ release when Mg is either maintained at its open-circuit potential (OCP) or anodically polarized [21][22] have been successfully carried out using SECM. In this way, pH values of approximately 10 have been observed for anodically polarized Mg 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, investigations on electron transfer reactions 15 , pH monitoring 16 , detection of hydrogen (H2) gas evolution [17][18][19][20] , and quantification of Mg 2+ release when Mg is either maintained at its open-circuit potential (OCP) or anodically polarized [21][22] have been successfully carried out using SECM. In this way, pH values of approximately 10 have been observed for anodically polarized Mg 16 . On the other hand, SECM has also been employed to characterize the surface reactivity of Ti and its alloys 12 , including the quantification of heterogeneous electron transfer reactions [23][24] and the monitoring of pH during the self-healing of the passive film on Ti [8][9][10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past decade, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) has been considered to be a powerful in situ tool for characterizing the electrochemical reactivity of a metal surface at the micrometer scale and smaller. , In particular, it has found application in studying the corrosion of Mg and its alloys. , Thus, investigations on electron transfer reactions, pH monitoring, detection of hydrogen (H 2 ) gas evolution, − and quantification of Mg 2+ release when Mg is either maintained at its open-circuit potential (OCP) or anodically polarized , have been successfully carried out using SECM. In this way, pH values of approximately 10 have been observed for anodically polarized Mg .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Situ Investigation of the Cytotoxic and Interfacial Characteristics of Titanium When Galvanically Coupled with Magnesium Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy

Asserghine

Ashrafi

Mukherjee

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Recently, the cytotoxic properties of galvanically coupled Mg-Ti particles have been shown to different cells, although this cytotoxic effect has been attributed mainly to Mg due to its tendency to undergo activation when coupled with Ti forming a galvanic cell consisting of an anode (Mg) and a cathode (Ti). However, the role of the Ti cathode has been ignored in explaining the cytotoxic effect of Mg-Ti particles due to its high resistance to corrosion. In this work, the role of titanium (Ti) in the cytotoxic mechanism of galvanically coupled Mg-Ti particles was examined. A model galvanic cell was prepared to simulate the Mg-Ti particles.The electrochemical reactivity of the Ti sample and the pH change above it due to galvanic coupling with Mg were investigated using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). It was observed that the Ti surface changed from passive to electrochemically active when coupled with Mg. Furthermore, after only 15 min galvanic coupling with Mg, the pH in the electrolyte volume adjacent to the Ti surface increased to an alkaline pH value. The effects of the galvanic coupling of Ti and Mg, as well as of the alkaline pH environment, on the viability of Hs27 fibroblast cells were investigated. It was shown that the viability of Hs27 cells significantly diminished when Mg and Ti were galvanically coupled compared to when the two metals were electrically disconnected. Next, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased when the Ti and Mg were galvanically coupled. Thus, although Ti usually exhibited high corrosion resistance when exposed to physiological environments, an electrochemically active surface was observed when galvanically coupled with Mg, and this surface may participate in electron transfer reactions with chemical species in the neighboring environment; this participation resulted in the increased pH values above its surface and enhanced generation of ROS. These features contributed to the development of cytotoxic effects by galvanically coupled Mg-Ti particles.

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Multi-barrel electrodes containing an internal micro-reference for the improved visualization of galvanic corrosion processes in magnesium-based materials using potentiometric scanning electrochemical microscopy

Cited by 20 publications

References 57 publications

Contributions of Microelectrochemical Scanning Techniques for the Efficient Detection of Localized Corrosion Processes at the Cut Edges of Polymer-Coated Galvanized Steel

Contributions of Microelectrochemical Scanning Techniques for the Efficient Detection of Localized Corrosion Processes at the Cut Edges of Polymer-Coated Galvanized Steel

Potentiometric Sensing

In Situ Investigation of the Cytotoxic and Interfacial Characteristics of Titanium When Galvanically Coupled with Magnesium Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy

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