Multi-Channel Operations, Coexistence and Spectrum Sharing for Vehicular Communications

Abstract

DSRC has been allocated (three in EU, seven in US) dedicated channels at 5.9 GHz for vehicular communications. Although resource allocations on the common control channel (CCH) reserved for safety-related applications have been well investigated, efficient usage of the other SCHs is less developed. With new ITS safety-related applications appearing, such as autonomous driving or truck platooning, as well as the expected coexistence between ITS and non-ITS technologies for smart mobility applications, operating on multiple channels and efficiently sharing the ITS spectrum become critical. First, multi-channel operations aim at mitigating the communication load on specific channels by offloading part of traffic to alternate channels. Second, multi-channel operations aim at providing mechanisms to dynamically change channels and fit to the service requirements as function of external interferences or to varying traffic conditions. In this chapter, we describe the regulations and mechanisms for ITS multi-channel operation and coexistence in the US and in the EU. We first provide an overview of the frequency allocations and access restrictions for ITS, and then describe the protocols available in standards and R&D for multi-channel operations.

Modeling and Evaluation of a Dynamic Channel Selection Framework for Multi-Channel Operation in ITS-G5

“…This ranges from 5.875 GHz to 5.905 GHz and is also referred to as ITS-G5, while a 20 MHz band is also reserved in the range of 5.855-5.875 GHz, called ITS-G5B, primarily reserved for non-safety applications and services. Later, the existing allocations were extended by an additional 20 MHz wide band in the range of 5.905-5.925 GHz, which was named ITS-G5D, thus creating the full 70 MHz wide spectrum [20]. In addition, another higher band between 63 GHz and 65 GHz has been assigned for future ITS services [19,21].…”

A Survey of the Connected Vehicle Landscape—Architectures, Enabling Technologies, Applications, and Development Areas

“…Similar to SAE's application-and message-specific standards, ETSI standardizes message types for cooperative transportation applications and environmental notification [46], [47]. Additional standards are compared in Festag (2015) and Härri and kenney (2015) [45], [48]. b) Broadcast types: Connected messages have varied sensitivity to timeliness, data protection, and network range.…”

Nearest-First: Efficient Relaying Scheme in Heterogeneous V2V Communication Environments

“…In the literature, situations where multiple vehicular communications coexist are addressed in several papers [24]- [26]. In [24], the coexistence situation, where both DSRC and IEEE 802.11ac operate in the 5.9 GHz band which is allocated for vehicular communications, is studied.…”

“…In [25], a scheme for coexistence between DSRC and IEEE 802.22 is operated in TV white space band. The scheme proposed in [26] is based on an algorithm operated in the environment when DSRC and cellular LTE coexist. None of these papers studies the coexistence of DSRC and LTE-V2V and the communication inability between them.…”

“…Debates on LTE-V2V and DSRC are still in progress also among governments [10], [26], [32]. The government of the United States assigns 5.85-5.925 GHz for DSRC communications and proposed to make DSRC required in all newly produced vehicles.…”