Multi‐locus phylogeny of Ludwigia (Onagraceae): Insights on infra‐ generic relationships and the current classification of the genus

Liu, Shih-Hui; Hoch, Peter C.; Diazgranados, Mauricio; Raven, Peter H.; Barber, Janet C.

doi:10.12705/665.7

Cited by 23 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Several recent studies have shown that combining both molecular and cytological analyses provides even better resolution to untangle the evolutionary puzzle in polyploid and/or reticulate groups (Lipman et al, 2013;Mandák et al, 2018). Ludwigia L., the sole genus in Onagraceae subfamily Ludwigioideae, is an intensively studied polyploid complex comprising 83 predominately wetland species with a worldwide distribution (Munz, 1942;Raven, 1963;Eyde, 1977;Raven & Tai, 1979;Peng, 1983;Wagner et al, 2007;Pesamosca & Boldrini, 2015;Liu et al, 2017). The North Temperate haplostemonous (NTH) Ludwigia group, characterized by 4-merous and haplostemonous flowers and north-temperate distribution, includes 24 species that have been classified in section Ludwigia, section Isnardia (L.) W. L. Wagner & Hoch, section Microcarpium Munz, and section Miquelia P. H. Raven (Table 1; Raven, 1963;Wagner et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…Recent phylogenetic study focused on Ludwigia strongly (chloroplast [cp] DNA) or moderately (nuclear [nr] DNA) supports that section Ludwigia and the Microcarpium complex are sister clades (Liu et al, 2017). Liu et al (2017) also found that neither section Isnardia nor section Microcarpium is monophyletic. Placement of section Miquelia was unresolved, either within the Isnardia-Microcarpium clade (nrDNA) or sister to it (cpDNA; Liu et al, 2017), suggesting a possible hybrid origin of L. ovalis (e.g., Small et al, 2004;Govindarajulu et al, 2015;Gong et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Several phylogenetic studies have tested Peng's hypotheses ( Fig. 2) partially (Hung et al, 2009;Hsu, 2010;Liu et al, 2017). Based on cp and ITS sequences, these studies suggested that Ludwigia palustris (AA) contributed as paternal parent to the origin of L. spathulata (AADD) and as maternal parent to the origins of L. polycarpa (AAXX) (Liu et al, 2017) and L. brevipes (AABBCC) (Hung et al, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Based on cp and ITS sequences, these studies suggested that Ludwigia palustris (AA) contributed as paternal parent to the origin of L. spathulata (AADD) and as maternal parent to the origins of L. polycarpa (AAXX) (Liu et al, 2017) and L. brevipes (AABBCC) (Hung et al, 2009). Liu et al (2017) also suggested that the tetraploid L. polycarpa (section Microcarpium) possesses the A genome (Fig. 2), and that L. arcuata (BBCC) is likely the maternal genome donor for L. brevipes (AABBCC) and possibly also for L. repens (AABBCC) (Hung et al, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Disentangling Reticulate Evolution of North Temperate Haplostemonous Ludwigia (Onagraceae)

Liu

Yang

Kono

et al. 2020

annals

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While it is known that whole genome duplication (WGD) and reticulate evolution play important roles in plant evolution, the origins and evolutionary histories of most polyploid and reticulate groups are still poorly known. The North Temperate haplostemonous (NTH) Ludwigia L. (sections Isnardia (L.) W. L. Wagner & Hoch, Ludwigia, Microcarpium Munz, and Miquelia P. H. Raven) group, characterized by having 4-merous and haplostemonous flowers, pluriseriate and free seeds, glabrous and convex nectaries, and a north-temperate distribution, is a polyploid complex (2×, 4×, 6×, and 8×) of 24 species with frequent reports of inter- and intrasectional hybridization. Although earlier biosystematics studies postulated some evolutionary scenarios and recent molecular phylogenetic studies have partially tested these propositions, the full history of their reticulate evolution remains puzzling. In this study, we sequenced four chloroplast regions (rpL16, rpoB-trnC, trnL-trnF, and ycf6-psbM) and conducted extensive molecular cloning of the biparentally inherited single-copy nuclear PgiC gene (376 clones in total), sampling 23 of the 24 NTH Ludwigia species whose chromosome numbers and ploidy levels were confirmed. Both the chloroplast and PgiC trees include strongly supported sister clades of section Ludwigia (four diploid species) and the “Microcarpium complex” (composed of sections Isnardia, Microcarpium, and Miquelia), which together are sister to the rest of Ludwigia. In the PgiC tree, eight clades are identified within the Microcarpium complex, with four clades including no extant diploid species. Neither sections Isnardia nor Microcarpium are monophyletic, while the monospecific section Miquelia has a hybrid origin. By integrating our phylogenetic trees with previous cytological hypotheses, the reticulate evolution of NTH Ludwigia is disentangled and four to eight extinct diploid species are inferred. Ancestral area reconstruction supports a North American origin of L. ovalis whose current East Asian distribution reflects a relict of the Arcto-Tertiary Geoflora. Based on our results, we propose to synonymize sections Microcarpium and Miquelia under the expanded section Isnardia.

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