Multi-metallic electrocatalysts as emerging class of materials: opportunities and challenges in the synthesis, characterization, and applications

Israr, Muhammad; Humayun, Muhammad; Suliman, Munzir H.; Abdinejad, Maryam; Rasheed, Tahir; Helal, Aasif; Khan, Iltaf; Bououdina, Mohamed; Wang, Chundong; Usman, Muhammad

doi:10.1080/01614940.2024.2347479

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Perovskites have gained significant attention in recent years due to their unique properties and potential applications in various fields, particularly CO 2 conversion, pollutant degradation, hydrogen generation, batteries, gas sensing, and solar cells. − Perovskites have the general formula ABO 3 , and if we replace O with X they become more efficient HPs that exhibit excellent optical and electronic properties, including high absorption coefficients, long carrier diffusion lengths, and low defect densities . However, among them, lead-based HPs have high toxicity and environmental concerns that need to be addressed, and researchers have developed LFHPs with the same properties as their lead-based counterparts .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal/Covalent Organic Framework Encapsulated Lead-Free Halide Perovskite Hybrid Nanocatalysts: Multifunctional Applications, Design, Recent Trends, Challenges, and Prospects

Altaf,

Khan,

Khan

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Perovskites are bringing revolutionization in a various fields due to their exceptional properties and crystalline structure. Most specifically, halide perovskites (HPs), lead-free halide perovskites (LFHPs), and halide perovskite quantum dots (HPs QDs) are becoming hotspots due to their unique optoelectronic properties, low cost, and simple processing. HPs QDs, in particular, have excellent photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications because of their tunable emission, high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), effective charge separation, and low cost. However, practical applications of the HPs QDs family have some limitations such as degradation, instability, and deep trap states within the bandgap, structural inflexibility, scalability, inconsistent reproducibility, and environmental concerns, which can be covered by encapsulating HPs QDs into porous materials like metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) or covalent−organic frameworks (COFs) that offer protection, prevention of aggregation, tunable optical properties, flexibility in structure, enhanced biocompatibility, improved stability under harsh conditions, consistency in production quality, and efficient charge separation. These advantages of MOFs-COFs help HPs QDs harness their full potential for various applications. This review mainly consists of three parts. The first portion discusses the perovskites, halide perovskites, lead-free perovskites, and halide perovskite quantum dots. In the second portion, we explore MOFs and COFs. In the third portion, particular emphasis is given to a thorough evaluation of the development of HPs QDs@MOFs-COFs based materials for comprehensive investigations for next-generation materials intended for diverse technological applications, such as CO 2 conversion, pollutant degradation, hydrogen generation, batteries, gas sensing, and solar cells. Finally, this review will open a new gateway for the synthesis of perovskite-based quantum dots.

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