Multi-Response Optimization of Mechanical Properties of MWCNTs Fused GFRPs Using RSM-Based GRA and Mother Optimization Algorithm

Abstract

This study delves into enhancing the mechanical properties of glass fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRPs) by integrating multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using the hand layup method. Integrated response surface methodology (RSM) combined with grey relational analysis (GRA) and mother optimization algorithm (MOA) was employed to predict multiple responses simultaneously. Fabrication parameters: MWCNT loading, sonication time, oven curing temperature and output responses, ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and shear beam strength in longitudinal and traverse directions are considered. The experiments are planned as per the Box-Behnken design of RSM, and responses have been noted. GRA applications are used to convert multi-responses into a single response, i.e. GRG. RSM is applied to postulate the mathematical equation to create a relationship between the fabrication parameters and GRG. The MOA is then used to maximize GRG value, which indicates enhanced multi-responses. Research shows that adding MWCNTs considerably strengthens GFRPs’ mechanical aspects. The predicted fabricating setting is validated with confirmatory tests, showing considerable improvements in mechanical properties.