Multi‐scale demographic analysis reveals range contraction via pseudo‐source and sink population structure

Robinson, Orin J.; Ruiz‐Gutiérrez, Viviana; Meese, Robert J.; Graves, Emily E.; Holyoak, Marcel; Wilson, Cara; Wyckoff, A. Christy; Merriell, B. D.; Snyder, Caitlin M.; Cooch, Evan G.

doi:10.1002/ecs2.3521

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This assessment provides the first comprehensive attempt to document the distribution and abundance of the Tricolored Blackbird in Washington. The species' arrival in Washington may have been related to persistent drought in California (Robinson et al 2021), and, in turn, to warming at more northern latitudes due to climate change (Erickson et al 2018). Existing evidence suggests that the Tricolored Blackbird's wider range expansion described by Wahl et al (2005) has been followed by years of the population size fluctuating in both the breeding and nonbreeding seasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data also included records in which the species was noted as present but lacking a count or estimate of the number of birds observed. Previous research on the tricolor using eBird data dropped these reports prior to analysis (Robinson et al 2021), and I followed that protocol. Removing duplicates (n = 380) and records with no count of birds (n = 55) left 898 usable eBird records.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2022

WBirds

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Understanding birds' evolving responses to urbanization is an essential aspect of contemporary biology, and knowledge of the responses of nocturnal species lags behind that of diurnal species. In this issue of Western Birds, Jonah Gula addresses the occurrence of the Western Screech-Owl in a mosaic of oak woodland, chaparral, and residential development in the foothills of San Diego County, California. He found the owl more reliably in larger patches of woodland and in patches adjacent to undeveloped chaparral. But the distance to and size of the next nearest patch of woodland were unrelated to the owl's occurrence, suggesting the birds disperse readily across the habitats separating the woodland patches.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2022

WBirds

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“…The Tricolored Blackbird is a highly colonial marsh-nesting songbird that is nearly endemic to California (Neff 1937) and has experienced drastic population declines in recent years (Graves et al 2013;Meese 2013;Robinson et al 2021). The Tricolored Blackbird is listed as Threatened under the California Endangered Species Act and is designated as Endangered by the IUCN Red List.…”

Section: Tricolored Blackbirds As a Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonicotinoid exposure in Tricolored Blackbirds (Agelaius tricolor)

Graves

Meese

Holyoak

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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There is increasing awareness of the negative ecological and environmental effects of widespread use of pesticides on the landscape. Spillover or drift of pesticides from agricultural areas has been shown to impact species health, reproduction, and trophic dynamics through both direct and indirect mechanisms. Neonicotinoid insecticides are associated with observed declines of insectivorous and grassland birds, and these environmental pollutants are a significant conservation concern for many species that have experienced past or current population declines. Due to the high efficacy of these modern insecticides in depressing local insect populations, insectivorous birds can be negatively impacted by a pesticide-mediated reduction in food supply. Neonicotinoids may act synergistically with other stressors, such as habitat loss, to exacerbate threats to species or population viability. The Tricolored Blackbird is an insectivorous grassland bird of conservation concern in California, USA. Due to the high association of this species with agricultural habitats, we sought to quantify the amount of neonicotinoid residues in Tricolored Blackbird carcasses as a first step in assessing how this species may be impacted by pesticides. Out of 85 salvaged carcasses sampled (N = 24 adults, N = 3 fledglings, and N = 58 nestlings), only two contained detectable levels of target compounds. These were an adult and one nestling that contained clothianidin residue (40 ppb and 7 ppb, respectively); both of these birds were salvaged from breeding colonies associated with dairy farms in Kern County, California. We suggest that further work is needed to assess neonicotinoid exposure of Tricolored Blackbirds in dairy-associated breeding colonies.

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Saffron-cowled Blackbirds’ reduced nest success in Argentina’s agricultural land highlights the importance of non-agricultural habitat for its conservation

Pucheta,

Pereda,

Di Giacomo

2024

Ornithological Applications

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The Saffron-cowled Blackbird (Xanthopsar flavus) is a globally endangered icterid endemic to the southern South American grasslands. Temperate grasslands are among the most threatened ecosystems in South America due to their high rate of land use change. In northeastern Argentina, over the last century, the conversion of natural grasslands to livestock farming, croplands, and afforestation have resulted in significant losses of breeding habitat for the Saffron-cowled Blackbird. Consequently, it has suffered severe populational declines, and its remaining populations are fragmented. In order to understand the impact of agricultural systems on the Saffron-cowled Blackbird populations, we studied its breeding biology (clutch size, hatching success, nestling production, and fledgling success) and the main parameters that influence nest survival rate in five breeding habitat types. During the breeding seasons of 2015 to 2019, we located nests and monitored their fate. We found that the cumulative probability of nest survival over the entire nesting cycle (i.e., laying, incubation, and chick rearing) was 0.06, and was lower for nests situated in grazed land covers. Conversely, nest survival was greater in breeding sites without agricultural use, particularly in marshes. Predation was the main cause of nest failure (76%), followed by brood parasitism (10%), and trampling by cattle and agricultural machinery (6%). Brood parasitism rates were higher in grazed paddocks, contributing together with predation to the failure of nests in this habitat. Our findings indicate a negative impact of livestock ranching on Saffron-cowled Blackbird reproduction. Non-agriculture habitats, like wetlands and flooded areas, are important as refuges for nesting. Thus, the creation of breeding refuges (non-productive sites) within agricultural matrices, in association with biodiversity-friendly agricultural practices, is crucial to ensure the Saffron-cowled Blackbird’s maintenance.

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Multi‐scale demographic analysis reveals range contraction via pseudo‐source and sink population structure

Abstract: scale demographic analysis reveals range contraction via pseudosource and sink population structure.

Cited by 5 publications

References 58 publications

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Neonicotinoid exposure in Tricolored Blackbirds (Agelaius tricolor)

Saffron-cowled Blackbirds’ reduced nest success in Argentina’s agricultural land highlights the importance of non-agricultural habitat for its conservation

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