Multi-Step Maceration Extraction and Pharmacological Evaluation of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik

Abstract

A study has been conducted on the phytochemical profile and pharmacological activity of Gedi (Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik) using a multistage maceration method. The results of the phytochemical screening test showed that the crude extract of Gedi leaves gave a positive reaction to the presence of alkaloids, tannins, phenols, flavonoids, unsaturated steroids and saponins. The total phenolic analysis showed that the total phenolic concentrations of Gedi leaf extracts in methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane extracts were 1.70, 1.44, and 0.85mg GAE/g extract, respectively. The results of the antioxidant activity assays obtained an IC50 value for methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane extracts of Gedi leaves, which were 40.77, 155.50, and 25.84mg/L, respectively. The antimicrobial activity results showed that all three Gedi leaf extracts had activity in inhibiting microbial growth. The inhibitory values for methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane extracts of Gedi leaves were 7.0, 13.5, and 9.5mm, respectively, for Escherichia coli, and 21.5, 15.0, and 13.0mm, respectively, for Bacillus. The toxicity test results showed that the LC50 values of Gedi leaf extracts for methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane extracts were 500 ppm, 736ppm, and 2249ppm, respectively.