Multicalorics --- new materials for energy and straintronics (R e v i e w)

Abstract

The terms "multicaloric effect" and "multicaloric" are relatively new concepts and combine the phenomena and materials associated with the coexistence of conventional caloric effects under the action of external forces of various nature (magnetic field, electric field, mechanical action). Nowadays, caloric materials remain in the focus of attention of researchers, and approaches based on the use of the multicaloric effect are considered as one of the ways to improve the efficiency of conventional solid-state cooling systems. Of particular interest from a fundamental point of view are the cross effects observed under the combined external stimulus, as well as the nature of the relationship between magnetic, electrical, thermophysical properties and structure under such actions. In this review, the theoretical foundations of the multicaloric effect are considered and an attempt is made to systematize multicaloric materials. Applied aspects of multicalorics are considered separately, and various experimental approaches to the study of their properties are presented. The presented review will be of interest to a wide range of specialists involved in the study of materials with caloric effects (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, mechanocaloric), as well as those who are searching for new functional materials. Keywords: magnetocaloric effect, electrocaloric effect, elastocaloric effect, barocaloric effect, multicaloric effect, multiferroics, multicalorics, magnetoelectric composites.

Effect of Magnetic Field and Hydrostatic Pressure on Metamagnetic Isostructural Phase Transition and Multicaloric Response of Fe49Rh51 Alloy

“…One of the promising approaches of the solid-state cooling based on the caloric effects is the multicaloric approach, which is based on the combination of the different external fields (magnetic, mechanical, electric) [31,32]. The multicaloric approach based on the combination of the MCE and the BCE under the external magnetic field up to 5 T and the hydrostatic pressure up to 5 kbar was experimentally used for the Fe 49 Rh 51 alloy [19].…”

Multicaloric Effect in 0–3-Type MnAs/PMN–PT Composites

“…and are known as magnetocaloric (MCE), electrocaloric (ECE), and mechano (MechCE) effects, which have potential applications in solid-state cooling techno The novel concept based on the coexistence of caloric effects was recently propose phenomena concluded in the observation of combined caloric effects with differen nal stimuli were noted as multicaloric [9][10][11][12]. Materials that exhibit more than two effects are named multicalorics, and are actively studied as advanced objects for applications and straintronics [13,14]. From another point of view, it is well know multiferroics materials coexistence with various types of ferro (magnetic, electric, e ordering [15,16].…”