Multicenter clinical evaluation of a multi-dose formulation of propofol in the dog

Abstract

BackgroundPropofol is a widely used injectable anesthetic agent for induction and short-term maintenance in dogs. A multi-dose formulation of propofol (MDP) has been developed which includes 2% benzyl alcohol as a preservative. In order to document the use of the product under clinical conditions, MDP was tested in a prospective clinical trial conducted at six sites within the United States. One hundred thirty-eight healthy, client-owned dogs were assigned to one of six treatment groups based on premedicants (none, acepromazine/buprenorphine, midazolam/buprenorphine, medetomidine/buprenorphine) and maintenance agents (MDP, inhaled anesthetic). Anesthesia was induced by the intravenous administration of MDP given to effect. Physiological indices including heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure were monitored prior to and during anesthesia induction, maintenance and recovery. Adverse events, defined for severity by pre-established limits of these physiological values, as well as side effects, defined as any observation outside the normal range, were noted.ResultsThe mean intubation dose was 7.6 ± 2.1 mg/kg for MDP alone and 4.7 ± 1.3, 4.0 ± 1.0 mg/kg and 3.2 ± 1.4 mg/kg when buprenorphine was used in combination with midazolam, acepromazine and medetomidine, respectively. Of the 32 adverse events, apnea (12 incidents), bradycardia (9 incidents) and hypotension (7 incidents) were most frequently recorded. Emesis, cyanosis and second degree heart block were each noted once and successfully resolved. The cause of a single death 2 days post-anesthesia was assessed as a surgical complication.ConclusionsMDP was found to be acceptable for use in healthy dogs for induction and short term maintenance of anesthesia when used alone and in combination with premedicants and inhaled anesthetics.

Effects of Cisatracurium in Sevoflurane and Propofol Requirements in Dog-Undergoing-Mastectomy Surgery

“…In this study, the group treated with cisatracurium required a dosage of propofol lower than the untreated group, likely due to the facilitation of intubation induced by the muscle relaxant. We believe that the possibility to reduce the dosage of propofol, maintaining the inducing effects, is certainly preferable for a better management of anesthetized patients [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ].…”