Multicenter Survey of Routine Determinations of Resistance of Helicobacter pylori to Antimicrobials over the Last 20 Years (1990 to 2009) in Belgium

Helicobacter pylori eradication in Western Australia using novel quadruple therapy combinations

“…Female patients are more likely to carry H. pylori strains resistant to both CLR and MTZ than male patients due to the higher incidence of previous treatment of gynaecological conditions with antibiotics. 11,[31][32][33][34] Although the resistance rate between genders was not proved statistically significant in this study (Pvalue MTZ = 0.11; P-value CLR = 0.77), the higher ratio of female-to-male patients, especially among the older women, suggests that mature women are more likely to carry antibiotic-resistant strains, which then lead to a poorer eradication rate in standard MTZ/CLR-based treatment.…”

Trends in Secondary Antibiotic Resistance of Helicobacter pylori from 2007 to 2014: Has the Tide Turned?

“…Indeed, in most of the regions in which CLR susceptibility has been studied, resistance has risen over time. In Bulgaria, CLR resistance rose from 10% in 1996-1999 to 19% in 2007-2009 (13), and in Belgium from 6% in 1990 to 56% in 2009 (14). In China, secondary resistance rose from 29% in 2000 to 100% in 2009 (3).…”

“…Other studies have reported variable associations with gender. A female predilection for resistance was seen in the Belgian cohort (14) and hypothesized to be related to macrolide and nitroimidazole prescription for gynecological infections. A male predilection has been described in other geographical regions (28)(29)(30).…”

“…We excluded subjects younger than 18 years in our analysis since they are not a target for treatment (1). Nevertheless, in studies which stratify for age, resistance appears to be lowest in children (14). This is especially true for LEV, presumably because fluoroquinolones are rarely used in this age group.…”

Helicobacter pylori Gastritis: Susceptible to Further Testing?

“…In a Vietnamese study, clarithromycin resistance, which exceeded 50 % in young children, was a significant cause of treatment failure. The authors suggested that clarithromycin should not be used as part of H. pylori eradication therapy in children if their antibiotic susceptibility profile is unknown [7][8][9][10]. The conclusions of the authors from these aforementioned studies reflect a distinct change in the approach to management of H. pylori infection, which is targeted therapy based on resistance profiles, rather than the disease outcomes.…”