Multidirectional Stitched Layered Aramid Woven Fabric Structures and their Experimental Characterization of Ballistic Performance

Abstract

The aim of the research was to develop light and enhanced energy absorbed layered ballistic structures. For this reason, various ballistic structures were developed. These structures form two groups: multiaxially stitched and unstitched. Each group further consists of four structure types: (i) 14-layer Kevlar 29 woven fabric; (ii) 14-layer Kevlar 129 woven fabric; (iii) 7-layer Kevlar 29 fabric and 7-layer Kevlar 129 fabric; and (iv) 12-layer Kevlar 29 fabric oriented with respect to basic fabric direction at an angle of ±45° and 2-layer Kevlar 129 fabric. The Kevlar 29 and 129 fibers were considered to have 2.9 and 3.4 GPa tensile strengths and 70 and 99 GPa tensile modulus values, respectively, and the properties of the fibers were equalized in fabric form, but the Kevlar 129 fiber had a lower unit weight fabric (g/m2 ). Each of the developed structures were affected by five types of threat: 0.22, 0.38 round nose, 9 mm full metal jacketed, 0.357 jacketed soft point and 7.62 full metal jacketed projectiles. The results show that there were no significant energy absorption differences between multiaxis stitched and unstitched structures. However, conical depths upon impact on the multiaxis stitched structures were small compared to those of the unstitched structures. This result might be useful, especially in the design of soft vest applications.

Ballistic Helmets: Their Design, Materials, and Performance Against Traumatic Brain Injury

“…The Kevlar Ò K129 fiber has an areal density of around 185 g/m 2 compared to 270 g/m 2 for the Kevlar Ò K29 fiber, but has a strength which is 40% higher than that of the Kevlar Ò K29 fiber (used for the PASGT helmet). The Kevlar Ò K129 fiber also has a higher energy absorption capacity than the Kevlar Ò K29 fiber [12]. The ACH thus has a higher ballistic and impact protection capability than the PASGT helmet at a smaller weight.…”

“…Thermoplastics for ballistic applications have been studied extensively [12,150,151]. Both manufacturing and design aspects of thermoplastics were investigated in Walsh et al [150,151], where various Kevlar Ò fiber-thermoplastic matrix systems were explored.…”

“…More discussions on mechanical testing of brain tissues can be found in a comprehensive review paper by Chatelin et al [21]. Table 7 Properties of some materials used for the US Army Helmets (e.g., [132,66,12,31] The material properties for the helmet are standard, depending upon the helmet type. The properties of some materials used for helmets are given in Table 7.…”

Experimental determination of ballistic performance of newly developed multiaxis non-interlaced/non-Z E-glass/polyester and 3D woven carbon/epoxy composites with soft backing aramid fabric structures

“…The fiber properties are shown in Table 1 with other fibers and materials generally used in ballistic areas. 23,24 3D woven carbon/epoxy composite 3D orthogonal woven preform had three yarn sets as warp, filling and z-yarns. These sets of yarns were all interlaced to form the structure where warp yarns were longitudinal and the others were orthogonal.…”

“…22 Studies also showed that multidirectional stitched multilayered Kevlar woven fabric structures had low back face signature compared to that of the unstitched structures. 23 The objective of this study is to develop light and ballistically enhanced structures which can withstand high impact load using the insight of previous work in which material properties were investigated in terms of structural and processing parameters, and experimentally understand the ballistic failure in the structure upon impact.…”