Multidrug Resistance Is Mediated by Large Plasmids Carrying a Class 1 Integron in the Emergent Salmonella enterica Serotype [4,5,12:i:−]

Integron-mediated Multidrug Resistance in a Global Collection of NontyphoidalSalmonellaentericaIsolates

“…AF284063, unpub. data), and Salmonella (25). The integron dfrA1/ aadA1 has been documented in E. coli from Turkey (26) and cited in E. coli in GenBank entries from India (GenBank accession no.…”

Isolation of Salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis resistant to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin

“…Some studies pointed out the serious problem that several Salmonella serotypes, including serotype Choleraesuis, could generate different types of hybrid plasmids, which consisted of the serotype-specific virulence plasmid and an array of gene cassettes (36,69,70,93). Most of the gene cassettes contained resistance genes that were responsible for resistance to conventional antibiotics, such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, oxacillin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, sulfadiazine, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and other materials, including ammonium antiseptics and mercury (36,69,70,93).…”

“…Most of the gene cassettes contained resistance genes that were responsible for resistance to conventional antibiotics, such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, oxacillin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, sulfadiazine, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and other materials, including ammonium antiseptics and mercury (36,69,70,93).…”

The Importance of Mobile Genetic Elements in the Evolution of Salmonella: Pathogenesis, Antibiotic Resistance and Host Adaptation

“…Another worrisome situation is the emergence of Salmonella virulence-(antibiotic) resistance plasmids. Several studies had reported large hybrid virulence-resistance plasmids in serovars Typhimurium, Choleraesuis and Enteritidis, isolated from Spain, Italy, Czech Republic, Taiwan and the United Kingdom (Chu et al, 2001;Guerra et al, 2001;Guerra et al, 2002;Guerra et al, 2004;Villa and Carattoli 2005;Chu and Chiu 2006;Herrero et al, 2008a;Herrero et al, 2008b;Hradecka et al, 2008;Herrero et al, 2009;Rodriguez et al, 2011). In some of the studies it was demonstrated that the hybrid plasmids were conjugative, which may lead to their spread to new recipients and allow the co-selection of the antibiotic and virulence genes, representing a hazard to human and animal health (Fluit 2005).…”