Multidrug-Resistant Organisms: Posttransplant Management for Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producers and Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales

Abstract

The incidence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-EB) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infections has been increasing worldwide, although the prevalence and mechanism of resistance vary by geographic region and institutional patterns of resistance. These multidrug-resistant infections are challenging to diagnose and treat and can cause significant morbidity and mortality in transplant patients. In this chapter we highlight recent trends in epidemiology, including risk factors for acquiring ESBL-EB and CRE, clinical outcomes, and new strategies for