Multifocal Hepatic Angiosarcoma with Atypical Presentation: Case Report and Literature Review

Pediatric vascular tumors of the liver: Review from the pathologist’s point of view

“…Therefore, HIH in patients older than 1 year, should be followed carefully[ 30 ]. Also, in the past, several chemical carcinogens, including vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), thorotrast, radium and arsenic, have been associated with HA formation[ 33 , 34 ]. Pediatric HA has a poor prognosis with an average survival of 16 mo and a 5-year overall survival of 20%-35%[ 30 , 32 ].…”

“…Diagnosis of a HA can be really challenging, as it is an extremely rare tumor and there are no specific radiographic characteristics that differentiate malignant vascular hepatic tumors from benign ones[ 33 , 35 ]. Histologic diagnosis can only be obtained by adequate and representative tissue biopsies, received by laparotomy[ 35 ].…”

“…Commonly, both liver lobes are affected[ 35 , 36 ]. Histologically (Figures 8 and 9 ), HA shows an unencapsulated vascular tumoral lesion composed of anastomosing vascular spaces and sinusoids lined by endothelial cells with marked cytological atypia and multilayering[ 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 ]. The cells are plump, pleomorphic with hyperchromatic nuclei and show brisk mitotic activity[ 33 ].…”

“…Histologically (Figures 8 and 9 ), HA shows an unencapsulated vascular tumoral lesion composed of anastomosing vascular spaces and sinusoids lined by endothelial cells with marked cytological atypia and multilayering[ 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 ]. The cells are plump, pleomorphic with hyperchromatic nuclei and show brisk mitotic activity[ 33 ]. Focally infiltrative whorls or glomeruloid foci of sarcomatoid cells or kaposiform spindle cells with intracytoplasmic PAS positive eosinophilic globules can be seen[ 30 , 32 , 33 , 35 ].…”

“…The cells are plump, pleomorphic with hyperchromatic nuclei and show brisk mitotic activity[ 33 ]. Focally infiltrative whorls or glomeruloid foci of sarcomatoid cells or kaposiform spindle cells with intracytoplasmic PAS positive eosinophilic globules can be seen[ 30 , 32 , 33 , 35 ]. Tumor necrosis can be observed[ 29 ].…”