Multifunctional and Sustainable Fe‐Iminopyridine Complexes for the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates

Abstract

The use of multifunctional and sustainable Fe catalysts for the formation of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and carbon dioxide at 80 °C and 3 bar pressure is presented. The optimal catalyst possesses a halide counteranion and a hydrogen bond donor to activate the epoxide for ring opening, affording a single‐component, cocatalyst‐free catalytic system.

Iron Coordination to Hollow Microporous Metal‐Free Disalphen Networks: Heterogeneous Iron Catalysts for CO2 Fixation to Cyclic Carbonates

“…As shown in In our recent report, homogenous iron catalysts showed TONs of 184-380with TOFs of 15-32 h À1 for the SO conversion to cyclic carbonates (yields of 92-95%)a t1 00 8C. [8] Also, it is noteworthy that ar ecently reported heterogeneousi ron catalyst showedaTON of 57.2 with aT OF of 5.72 h À1 fort he SO conversion to cyclic carbonate( ay ield of 92 %) at 100 8C. [7] In comparison, the H-MFeSN showedaTON of 1980 with aT OF of 82.4 h À1 forthe SO conversion to cyclic carbonate (a yield of 98.9 %) at 100 8C.…”

“…Although numerous catalytic systems, including iron catalysts, have been developed for this conversion, heterogeneous iron catalysts are relatively rare . Recently, we reported efficient and homogeneous iron catalysts for CO 2 conversion to cyclic carbonates . However, the system suffered from the mixing of catalysts with the resultant cyclic carbonates.…”

“…Through a literature survey, we figured out that most reactions of CO 2 conversion to cyclic carbonates by iron catalysts were conducted at 100 °C under 20 bar CO 2 . In this regard, we scanned the experimental conditions of the catalytic reactions at 100 °C under 20 bar CO 2 (Entries 1–10 in Table ).…”

“…[7] Recently,w er eported efficient and homogeneous iron catalysts for CO 2 conversion to cyclic carbonates. [8] However,t he system suffered from the mixingo fc atalysts with the resultantc yclic carbonates. Thus, more studies on the efficienth eterogeneous iron catalysts are required.…”

“…Through al iterature survey,w ef iguredo ut that mostr eactions of CO 2 conversiont oc yclic carbonates by iron catalysts were conducted at 100 8Cu nder 20 bar CO 2 . [6][7][8] In this regard, we scanned the experimental conditions of the catalytic reactions at 100 8Cu nder 20 bar CO 2 (Entries1-10 in Table 1). When we used 0.0250mol %H -MFeSNa nd 0.100 mol %t etrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr) with propylene oxide (PO) at 100 8C, the yields of cyclic carbonate gradually increased to 67.8 and 78.9 %a fter 12 and 24 h, respectively,c orresponding to TONs of 2710( TOF:2 26 h À1 )a nd 3160 (TOF:1 32 h À1 ;e ntries 1-5 in Figure S2 in the SupportingInformation).…”