Multifunctional Bismuth-Based Materials for Heavy Metal Detection and Antibiosis

Abstract

The increasing complexity of environmental contamination has boosted the search of multifunctional nanomaterials that are produced in a green and economical manner. The bismuth-based materials have been long regarded as safe materials used in cosmetics as well as biomedical aspects. Particularly, as one of the most important bismuth oxyhalides, bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl), due to its intrinsic properties including high surface area, superior photocatalytic/electrochemical performance, and good biocompatibility, possesses enormous potential for environmental applications. In this chapter, we mainly introduced bismuth-based materials as typified by BiOCl as ecofriendly multifunctional materials for the purposes of heavy metal detection as well as antibiosis.

Laser-Induced Graphene Electrochemical Sensor for Quantitative Detection of Phytotoxic Aluminum Ions (Al 3+ ) in Soils Extracts

“…3. All three metal ions are selectively distinguished, albeit with a higher selectivity for Al 3+ when the applied potential is about 0.10 V. This is consistent with other studies showing the capability of bismuth-based sensors in conjunction with an SWV method for detecting multiple ions in the same sample simultaneously [25,30,63,84]. Our results…”

“…Metal ions detection by SWASV with in situ bismuth deposition is a method that depends on Bi (III) concentration and the pH of the solution [30,[61][62][63]. These parameters are optimized to obtain the highest stripping peak current in the SWASV for the analyte under study [25,64].…”

“…Bismuthbased electrodes are ideal for heavy metal ion sensing due to their ability to electrodeposit elements on their surface through the formation of intermetallic compounds [27]. Additionally, bismuth (Bi) exhibits very low toxicity and possesses suitable electrochemical properties, including low background currents and the ability to separate intermetallic compounds [27][28][29][30]. Electrochemical techniques, such as square wave voltammetry represent highly sensitive detection methods for metal ions.…”