Multifunctional Nanofibrous Dressing with Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Properties Prepared by Needle-Free Electrospinning

Abstract

An active wound dressing should address the main goals in wound treatment, which are improved wound healing and reduced infection rates. We developed novel multifunctional nanofibrous wound dressings with three active ingredients: chloramphenicol (CAM), beta-glucan (βG) and chitosan (CHI), of which βG and CHI are active nanofiber-forming biopolymers isolated from the cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and from shrimp shells, respectively. To evaluate the effect of each active ingredient on the nanofibers' morphological features and bioactivity, nanofibers with both βG and CHI, only βG, only CHI and only copolymers, polyethylene oxide (PEO) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) were fabricated. All four nanofiber formulations were also prepared with 1% CAM. The needle-free NanospiderTM technique allowed for the successful production of defect-free nanofibers containing all three active ingredients. The CAM-containing nanofibers had a burst CAM-release and a high absorption capacity. Nanofibers with all active ingredients (βG, CHI and CAM) showed a concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory activity, while maintaining the antimicrobial activity of CAM. The promising anti-inflammatory properties, together with the high absorption capacity and antimicrobial effect, make these multifunctional nanofibers promising as dressings in local treatment of infected and exuding wounds, such as burn wounds.

Antimicrobial Biomaterial on Sutures, Bandages and Face Masks with Potential for Infection Control

“…Preservatives are used in different health care, pharmaceutical or cosmetic products to mitigate microbial contamination. Incorporating antimicrobials on bandages, wound dressing materials and surgical sutures leads to effective prevention and treatment of SSI, as well as wound infections [ 11 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ].…”

“…Such bioactive secondary plant metabolites are the reason for the use of medicinal plants, herbs and spices throughout centuries [ 46 , 47 ]. Phenolic acids, polyphenols, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids and other compounds are used as antimicrobial agents in an increasing number of investigations [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]. Sutures, bandages and wound dressings incorporating phytochemicals are promising alternatives to conventional treatment options due to targeted, on-site drug delivery [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ].…”

Fabrication of Nanofibers Based on Hydroxypropyl Starch/Polyurethane Loaded with the Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Pathogenic Microbes in Wounds

“…Biosynthesis of AgNPs can be attained via using plant extract instead of the utilization of chemical compounds, which can maximize the demand for green chemistry in our daily life [17,18]. Nerium oleander is a member of the dogbane family (Apocynaceae) and it is considered as the only species of the genus Nerium.…”

The Combination Effect of Ceftriaxone and Chloramphenicol on Staphylococcus aureus Isolate of Diabetic Gangrene

“…In addition, bactericidal activity is not an invariable property of an antibiotic, it can depend upon the organism and the growth conditions. For example, S. aureus is not killed by protein synthesis inhibitors like CML and Erythromycin (ERT), which are classical bacteriostatic agents having target at the ribosome (Eyler and Shvets, 2019;Schulte-Werning et al, 2021). The most of bacteria, S. aureus and S. pneumoniae are killed by cell wall inhibitors such as Penicillin and Vancomycin, as well as by the Fluoroquinolones, which are classical bactericidal agents (Navarro-Pérez et al, 2021).…”