Multifunctional Textile Constructed via Polyaniline-Mediated Copper Sulfide Nanoparticle Growth for Rapid Photothermal Antibacterial and Antioxidation Applications

Abstract

Antibacterial textiles prepared by the combination of photodynamic and photothermal technologies exhibit potential applications for preventing microbial infections in life. In this paper, the deposition behavior of copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuSNPs) on silk fabric (SF) was regulated by introducing polyaniline (PANI), which can chelate copper(II) ions, aiming at constructing a multifunctional textile with efficient and stable photothermal performances. First, PANI molecules from free-radical polymerization was absorbed to fiber surfaces via intermolecular forces. Subsequently, copper ammonia ions were bonded to the fabric of SF/PANI via chelation actions and further interacted with thiourea loaded by chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, formed the organic–inorganic hybrid of PANI/CuSNPs simultaneously. Finally, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) was used to encapsulate fibers for imparting antioxidant and self-cleaning abilities to the photothermal textile. The results reveal that the composite textile of SF/PANI/CuS achieved satisfactory ultraviolet resistance. The inactivation toward Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli reached 99.9% when irradiated for 5 min with a light intensity of 200 mW/cm2, remaining at a similar level even after washing 10 times. Additionally, PDMS encapsulation protects the deposited CuSNPs from air oxidation without sacrificing its photothermal performance. The present work provides a new strategy for developing photothermal antibacterial textiles with efficient, durable, and stable application performances.

Highly Durable Antibacterial Textiles: Cross-Linked Protonated Polyaniline-Polyacrylic Acid with Prolonged Electrical Stability

“…These findings were consistent with numerous reports on PANI’s antibacterial properties. 47 − 49 The decline in antibacterial effectiveness over time can be attributed to excessive leaching of the dopant. The transformation from green to blue after incubation hinted at the deprotonation of PANI.…”

Review of Light-Activated Antimicrobial Nanoparticle–Polymer Composites for Biomedical Devices

“…The results indicated that the UV resistance of the SF/PANI/CuS composite textile was satisfactory. The inactivation of S. aureus and E. coli reached 99.9% after 5 min of irradiation at 200 mW cm –2 and remained at the same level after 10 washings …”

“…The ability to obtain an efficient photon-to-heat conversion has been expanded to other metal nanoparticles. For example, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuSNPs) have gained substantial interest for modifying wound dressing devices, due to their high redox potential, comparatively low cost to manufacture, and superior antibacterial activity against viruses, fungi, and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. − In a recent experiment, Ren and colleagues presented a novel strategy to prepare a photothermal antibacterial silk fabric (SF) utilizing CuSNPs. S. aureus and E. coli bacteria were killed by 99.99% within 5 min of NIR light irradiation on a composite SF.…”

“…CuSNPs are frequently utilized as dual synergistic antibacterial systems due to their distinctive semiconducting properties and photothermal conversion efficiency. ,, The Xie group has recently introduced lignin copper sulfide (LS-CuS) nanocomposites that are incorporated into a poly­(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel to create an LS-CuS@PVA composite hydrogel with NIR-activated photothermal, photodynamic, and peroxidase-like performances for wound healing and wound dressing (Figure b) . In the presence of H 2 O 2 and NIR light for 10 min, LS-CuS@PVA displayed the high antibacterial rate with 3.8-log and 4.8-log reductions of colony-forming units (CFUs) against E. coli and S. aureus , respectively.…”

“…In addition, the release of copper ion during NIR irradiation leads to antimicrobial action and skin tissue generation . In 2023, a new study reported the development of photothermal and photodynamic antimicrobial fabrics . Because SFs contained few chelating sites (carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amino groups) on their own, polyaniline (PANI) was added to fiber surfaces to chelate copper ammonia ions and facilitate CuSNP deposition.…”