Multihydrogen Bond Modulated Polyzwitterionic Removable Adhesive Hydrogel with Antibacterial and Hemostatic Function for Wound Healing

Abstract

Wound management is a major challenge worldwide, placing a huge financial burden on the government of every nation. Wound dressings that can protect wounds, accelerate healing, prevent infection, and avoid secondary damage continue to be a major focus of research in the health care and clinical communities. Herein, a novel zwitterionic polymer (LST) hydrogel incorporated with [2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide (SBMA), mussel-inspired N-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl] acrylamide (THMA), and lithium magnesium salt was prepared for functional wound dressings. The incorporation of the THMA monomer containing three hydroxyl groups gives the hydrogel suitable adhesion properties (∼6.0 KPa). This allows the LST zwitterionic hydrogels to bind well to the skin, which not only protects the wound and ensures its therapeutic efficacy but also allows for painless removal and reduced patient pain. Zwitterionic sulfobetaine units of SBMA provide antimicrobial and mechanical properties. The chemical structure and microscopic morphology of LST zwitterionic hydrogels were systematically studied, along with their swelling ratio, adhesion, and mechanical properties. The results showed that the LST zwitterionic hydrogels had a uniform and compact porous structure with the highest swelling and mechanical strain of 1607% and 1068.74%, respectively. The antibacterial rate of LST zwitterionic hydrogels was as high as 99.49%, and the hemostatic effect was about 1.5 times that of the commercial gelatin hemostatic sponges group. In further studies, a full-thickness mouse skin model was selected to evaluate the wound healing performance. Wounds covered by LST zwitterionic hydrogels had a complete epithelial reformation and new connective tissue, and its vascular regenerative capacity was increased to about 2.4 times that of the commercial group, and the wound could completely heal within 12–13 days. This study provides significant advances in the design and construction of multifunctional zwitterionic hydrogel adhesives and wound dressings.