“…Microwave absorbers perform based on permeability, permittivity, and tuned impedance matching deduced from the dissipation mechanism (Zhang et al, 2015a;Zhang et al, 2020a;Fang et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022;Yang et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2023). In recent years, carbon-based electromagnetic wave absorbing materials and their composites have been under the spotlight as the hotspot due to their considerable electrical conductivity, salient relaxation loss potential, lightweight structure, and vast specific surface area (Guo et al, 2009;Ma et al, 2018;Zhou et al, 2022;Chen et al, 2023;Xie et al, 2023). However, conjugated carbonaceous materials are difficult for mass production in the industrial ways due to their complex synthetic procedures and high preparation costs, so using biomass-derived materials has gained huge attention.…”