Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of leptospiral strains isolated from two geographic locations of Tamil Nadu, India

Murugesan, Kanagavel; Margreat, Alphonse Asirvatham Princy; Arunkumar, M.; Prabhakaran, S.; Shanmughapriya, Santhanam; Natarajaseenivasan, Kalimuthusamy

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2015.11.008

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These specific dominant epidemic strains, such as ST17 and ST37, may have selective advantages in the environment or in possible animal reservoirs that have allowed them to survive and become unusually geographically widespread. However, some STs appear to be concentrated in specific geographic regions: ST1, as the most prevalent ST, has only been reported in Chinese strains; ST145, the most prevalent ST in India, is not distributed worldwide [40]. L .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characteristics of pathogenic Leptospira in wild small animals and livestock in Jiangxi Province, China, 2002–2015

Zhang

et al. 2019

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Leptospirosis is one of the most important neglected tropical bacterial diseases worldwide. However, there is limited information on the genetic diversity and host selectivity of pathogenic Leptospira in wild small mammal populations. Methodology/Principal findings Jiangxi Province, located in southern China, is a region highly endemic for leptospirosis. In this study, among a total of 3,531 trapped rodents dominated by Apodemus agrarius (59.7%), 330 Leptospira strains were successfully isolated from six different sites in Jiangxi between 2002 and 2015. Adding 71 local strains from humans, various kinds of livestock and wild animals in Jiangxi, a total of 401 epidemic strains were characterized using 16S rRNA gene senquencing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Among them, the most prevalent serogroup was Icterohaemorrhagiae (61.10%), followed by Javanica (19.20%) and Australis (9.73%); the remaining five serogroups, Canicola, Autumnalis, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis and Pomona, accounted for 9.97%. Species identification revealed that 325 were L . interrogans and 76 were L . borgpetersenii . Moreover, L . interrogans was the only pathogenic species in Fuliang and Shanggao and was predominant in Shangrao (95.0%); L . borgpetersenii was the most common in the remaining three sites. Twenty-one sequence types (STs) were identified. Similarly, ST1 and serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae were most prevalent in Shangrao (86.0% and 86.4%) and Fuliang (90.4% and 90.4%), ST143 and serogroup Javanica in Shangyou (88.5% and 90.4%) and Longnan (73.1% and 73.1%), and ST105 and serogroup Australis in Shanggao (46.3% and 56.1%). Serogroup Icterohaemorhagiae primarily linked to A . agrarius (86.9%), serogroup Canicola to dogs (83.3%). There were significant differences in the distribution of leptospiral species/serogroups/STs prevalence across host species/collected locations among the 394 animal-associated strains (Fisher’s exact test, p<0.001). Conclusions/Significance Our study demonstrated high genetic diversity of pathogenic Leptospira strains from wild small animals in Jiangxi from 2002 to 2015. A . agrarius was the most abundantly trapped animal reservoir, and serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae and ST1 were the most dominant in Jiangxi. Significant geographic variation and host diversity in the distribution of dominant species, STs and serogroups were observed. Moreover, rat-to-human transmission might play a crucial role in the circulation of Leptospirosis ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characteristics of pathogenic Leptospira in wild small animals and livestock in Jiangxi Province, China, 2002–2015

Zhang

et al. 2019

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…The small number of individuals of one species in a narrow habitat makes this interspecies interaction more intense, resulting in an increased potential for transmission. Another study reported that B. bengalensis was a leptospirosis reservoir in Bangladesh (31.4%) [31], Sri Lanka (29%) [32], and India (37.2%) [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospirosis in rats and livestock in Bantul and Gunungkidul district, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Sunaryo

Priyanto

2022

Vet World

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Background and Aim: The animal reservoir of leptospirosis is comprised of both domestic and wild mammals, with rats known as the most important in the spread of the disease. The occurrence of this reservoir in residential areas increases the potential for leptospirosis transmission. This study aimed to investigate the type of reservoirs and estimate the prevalence of leptospirosis in rats and livestock animals in Bantul and Gunungkidul districts, Special Region of Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: This research utilized a cross-sectional study design. Rat trapping and livestock (cattle, goat, and sheep) blood surveys were conducted at four locations in each district. Samples of rat renal and livestock blood serum were examined using the polymerase chain reaction technique to determine the presence of Leptospira bacteria. The data were analyzed descriptively by describing the species of rats trapped, the types of cattle, and the prevalence of Leptospira in the sample. Results: The rat species infected with Leptospira in Bantul district consisted of Rattus tanezumi 4.8% (3/63); Rattus norvegicus 12.5% (2/16); Bandicota indica 28.6% (2/7); and Bandicota bengalensis 50.0% (1/2). No rats were found to be positive for Leptospira in Gunungkidul district. The prevalence of Leptospira in cattle was 63.64% (7/11) in Bantul district and 50.00% (8/16) in Gunungkidul district. In goats and sheep, the prevalence of Leptospira was 22.22% (2/9) in Bantul district and 45.16% (14/31) in Gunungkidul district. Conclusion: The potential exists for transmission of leptospirosis from rats and cattle in Bantul and Gunungkidul Districts. It is necessary to increase leptospirosis awareness. Community education, especially for livestock farmers, needs to be improved to prevent the transmission of leptospirosis from livestock.

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“…Trap cages were used and additional captures were conducted by locales 12 . A total of 33 urine and serum samples were obtained from field rats and are also included in the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptide specific monoclonal antibodies of Leptospiral LigA for acute diagnosis of leptospirosis

Murugesan

Shanmughapriya

Aishwarya

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Leptospirosis is underdiagnosed due to low sensitivity, need of specialised equipment, and expensive reagents for serological and molecular diagnosis respectively. Considering the sensitivity, rapidity, inexpensive reagents and collection of clinical samples, the monoclonal antibody based antigen detection method from urine samples has been developed and evaluated. LigA (LK90) based B-cell specific epitopes were predicted and synthesised as peptides for the production of monoclonal antibody. LK90543: SNAQKNQGNA (amino acids: 543 to 552), and LK901110: DHHTQSSYTP (amino acids: 1110 to 1119) with VaxiJen score of 1.3719 and 1.2215, respectively were used. Thirty two and 28 urine samples from confirmed and seronegative healthy human subjects, respectively were included for the evaluation of MAb-based dot blot ELISA. The specificity of the evaluated MAbs, P1B1 and P4W2 were found to be in the range of ~93–96%. Moreover, the MAbs did not show cross-reactivity with other bacterial antigens as confirmed by IgG ELISA, further validating its specificity for leptospiral antigens. These findings suggest that the developed MAb based dot blot ELISA is a simple, rapid performed in less than 8 h, inexpensive with a ICER of $8.7/QALY, and affordable in developing countries and area where laboratory facilities are limited.

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Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of leptospiral strains isolated from two geographic locations of Tamil Nadu, India

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Genetic characteristics of pathogenic Leptospira in wild small animals and livestock in Jiangxi Province, China, 2002–2015

Genetic characteristics of pathogenic Leptospira in wild small animals and livestock in Jiangxi Province, China, 2002–2015

Leptospirosis in rats and livestock in Bantul and Gunungkidul district, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Peptide specific monoclonal antibodies of Leptospiral LigA for acute diagnosis of leptospirosis

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