Multimedia Interventions for Neurodiversity: Leveraging Insights from Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience to Build an Innovative Practice

Farroni, Teresa; Valori, Irene; Carnevali, Laura

doi:10.3390/brainsci12020147

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The more the interactive rhythm can be grasped and decoded similarly among the individuals who are interacting as a shared communication channel, the more they will manifest high levels of synchrony. Similarities in sensorimotor functioning contribute to a form of ingroup which, to note, does not necessarily correspond with a diagnostic label but rather with a constellation of functional modalities ( 106 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal motor synchrony in autism: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Carnevali,

Valori,

Mason

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionInterpersonal motor synchrony (IMS) is the spontaneous, voluntary, or instructed coordination of movements between interacting partners. Throughout the life cycle, it shapes social exchanges and interplays with intra- and inter-individual characteristics that may diverge in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Here we perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the extant literature and quantify the evidence about reduced IMS in dyads including at least one participant with a diagnosis of ASD. MethodsEmpirical evidence from sixteen experimental studies was systematically reviewed, encompassing spontaneous and instructed paradigms as well as a paucity of measures used to assess IMS. Of these, thirteen studies (n = 512 dyads) contributed measures of IMS with an in situ neurotypical partner (TD) for ASD and control groups, which could be used for meta-analyses. ResultsReduced synchronization in ASD-TD dyads emerged from both the systematic review and meta-analyses, although both small and large effect sizes (i.e., Hedge’s g) in favor of the control group are consistent with the data (Hedge’s g = .85, p < 0.001, 95% CI[.35, 1.35], 95% PI[-.89, 2.60]). DiscussionUncertainty is discussed relative to the type of task, measures, and age range considered in each study. We further discuss that sharing similar experiences of the world might help to synchronize with one another. Future studies should not only assess whether reduced IMS is consistently observed in ASD-TD dyads and how this shapes social exchanges, but also explore whether and how ASD-ASD dyads synchronize during interpersonal exchanges.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal motor synchrony in autism: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Carnevali,

Valori,

Mason

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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“…For users with neurodiversity and those living with cognitive impairments, research has focused on the potential of AR/VR for delivering innovative solutions that offer the ability to manipulate and specifically target cognitive, sensory, interpersonal, and motor processes that contribute to atypical developmental trajectories [30]. This potential for immersive experiences as supportive tools has been largely explored in literature across a spectrum of neurodiverse conditions, notably Dyslexia [31,32], Dysgraphia (i.e.…”

Section: Assistive Ar/vr Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusive AR/VR: accessibility barriers for immersive technologies

Creed

Al-Kalbani

Theil

et al. 2023

Univ Access Inf Soc

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Augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) hold significant potential to transform how we communicate, collaborate, and interact with others. However, there has been a lack of work to date investigating accessibility barriers in relation to immersive technologies for people with disabilities. To address current gaps in knowledge, we led two multidisciplinary Sandpits with key stakeholders (including academic researchers, AR/VR industry specialists, people with lived experience of disability, assistive technologists, and representatives from national charities and special needs colleges) to collaboratively explore and identify existing challenges with AR and VR experiences. We present key themes that emerged from Sandpit activities and map out the interaction barriers identified across a spectrum of impairments (including physical, cognitive, visual, and auditory disabilities). We conclude with recommendations for future work addressing the challenges highlighted to support the development of more inclusive AR and VR experiences.

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“…Despite being originally driven by user groups, its broad perspective of emphasis on diversity, not disorder, has been rapidly accepted by eminent developmental neuroscientists, e.g., [ 13 , 15 ]. Recognition of neurodiversity can lead to more appropriate adaptions and perhaps interventions for behaviors that are impinging on daily activities [ 16 ].…”

Section: Neurological and Cognitive Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Misguided Veneration of Averageness in Clinical Neuroscience: A Call to Value Diversity over Typicality

Pluck

2023

Brain Sciences

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Research and practice in clinical neurosciences often involve cognitive assessment. However, this has traditionally used a nomothetic approach, comparing the performance of patients to normative samples. This method of defining abnormality places the average test performance of neurologically healthy individuals at its center. However, evidence suggests that neurological ‘abnormalities’ are very common, as is the diversity of cognitive abilities. The veneration of central tendency in cognitive assessment, i.e., equating typicality with healthy or ideal, is, I argue, misguided on neurodiversity, bio-evolutionary, and cognitive neuroscientific grounds. Furthermore, the use of average performance as an anchor point for normal performance is unreliable in practice and frequently leads to the mischaracterization of cognitive impairments. Examples are explored of how individuals who are already vulnerable for socioeconomic reasons can easily be over-pathologized. At a practical level, by valuing diversity rather than typicality, cognitive assessments can become more idiographic and focused on change at the level of the individual. The use of existing methods that approach cognitive assessment ideographically is briefly discussed, including premorbid estimation methods and informant reports. Moving the focus away from averageness to valuing diversity for both clinical cognitive assessments and inclusion of diverse groups in research is, I argue, a more just and effective way forward for clinical neurosciences.

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Multimedia Interventions for Neurodiversity: Leveraging Insights from Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience to Build an Innovative Practice

Cited by 7 publications

References 73 publications

Interpersonal motor synchrony in autism: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Interpersonal motor synchrony in autism: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Inclusive AR/VR: accessibility barriers for immersive technologies

The Misguided Veneration of Averageness in Clinical Neuroscience: A Call to Value Diversity over Typicality

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