Multimillijoule, highly coherent x-ray laser at 21 nm operating in deep saturation through double-pass amplification

Rus, B.; Mocek, Tomáš; Präg, A. R.; Kozlová, M.; Jamelot, G.; Carillon, A.; Ros, D.; Joyeux, D.; Phalippou, D.

doi:10.1103/physreva.66.063806

Cited by 129 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…We have seen in recent years many experiments that try to reproduce in the laboratory at least some aspects of astrophysical phenomena. In the domain of radiative hydrodynamics, experiments have been carried out to understand the physics of radiative shocks in accretion flows about young stars from the analyses of the emitted spectra (Rus et al 2002;Gonzàlez et al 2009), to study the formation and evolution of magnetized accretion disks (Bellan et al 2005), and to examine different aspects of the complex physics of stellar and galactic jets (Bellan et al 2009). Different techniques have been employed, to study laboratory simulations of astrophysical jets, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hydrodynamics of astrophysical jets: scaled experiments and numerical simulations

Belan

Massaglia

Tordella

et al. 2013

A&A

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Context. In this paper we study the propagation of hypersonic hydrodynamic jets (Mach number >5) in a laboratory vessel and make comparisons with numerical simulations of axially symmetric flows with the same initial and boundary conditions. The astrophysical context is that of the jets originating around young stellar objects (YSOs). Aims. In order to gain a deeper insight into the phenomenology of YSO jets, we performed a set of experiments and numerical simulations of hypersonic jets in the range of Mach numbers from 10 to 20 and for jet-to-ambient density ratios from 0.85 to 5.4, using different gas species and observing jet lengths of the order of 150 initial radii or more. Exploiting the scalability of the hydrodynamic equations, we intend to reproduce the YSO jet behaviour with respect to jet velocity and elapsed times. In addition, we can make comparisons between the simulated, the experimental, and the observed morphologies. Methods. In the experiments the gas pressure and temperature are increased by a fast, quasi-isentropic compression by means of a piston system operating on a time scale of tens of milliseconds, while the gas density is visualized and measured by means of an electron beam system. We used the PLUTO software for the numerical solution of mixed hyperbolic/parabolic conservation laws targeting high Mach number flows in astrophysical fluid dynamics. We considered axisymmetric initial conditions and carried out numerical simulations in cylindrical geometry. The code has a modular flexible structure whereby different numerical algorithms can be separately combined to solve systems of conservation laws using the finite volume or finite difference approach based on Godunovtype schemes. Results. The agreement between experiments and numerical simulations is fairly good in most of the comparisons. The resulting scaled flow velocities and elapsed times are close to the ones shown by observations. The morphologies of the density distributions agree with the observed ones as well. Conclusions. The laboratory and the simulated hypersonic jets are all pressure matched, i.e. their axial regions are almost isentropic at the nozzle exit. They maintain their collimation for long distances in terms of the initial jet radii, without including magnetic confinement effects. This yields a qualitatively good agreement with the observed YSO jet morphologies. It remains to be seen what happens when non-axially symmetric perturbations of the flow are imposed at the nozzle, both in the experiment and in the simulation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hydrodynamics of astrophysical jets: scaled experiments and numerical simulations

Belan

Massaglia

Tordella

et al. 2013

A&A

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“…These sources represented, for example, by free-electron lasers [1][2][3], laser-produced plasma-based lasers [4,5], high-order harmonics [6,7], and capillary discharge lasers [8,9], provide a large variety of interaction conditions. In the soft xray and XUV spectral domains, laser-matter interaction processes are strongly influenced by laser parameters, i.e., pulse energy, pulse duration, central wavelength, peak intensity, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-thermal desorption/ablation of molecular solids induced by ultra-short soft x-ray pulses

Chalupský¹,

Juha²,

Hájková³

et al. 2008

Opt. Express

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Abstract:We report the first observation of single-shot soft x-ray laser induced desorption occurring below the ablation threshold in a thin layer of poly (methyl methacrylate) -PMMA. Irradiated by the focused beam from the Free-electron LASer in Hamburg (FLASH) at 21.7nm, the samples have been investigated by atomic-force microscope (AFM) enabling the visualization of mild surface modifications caused by the desorption. A model describing non-thermal desorption and ablation has been developed and used to analyze single-shot imprints in PMMA. An intermediate regime of materials removal has been found, confirming model predictions. We also report below-threshold multiple-shot desorption of PMMA induced by high-order harmonics (HOH) at 32nm. Short-time exposure imprints provide sufficient information about transverse beam profile in HOH's tight focus whereas long-time exposed PMMA exhibits radiation-initiated surface hardening making the beam profile measurement infeasible. B. Rus, A. Carillon, P. Dhez, P. Jaeglé, G. Jamelot, A. Klisnick, M. Nantel, and P. Zeitoun, "An efficient, high-brightness soft X-ray laser at 21.2 nm," Phys. Rev. A55, 3858-3873 (1997 S. Heinbuch, M. Grisham, D. Martz, and J. J. Rocca, "Demonstration of a desk-top size high repetition rate soft x-ray laser," Opt. Express 13, 4050-4055 (2005). 10. P. E. Dyer, "Excimer laser polymer ablation: twenty years on," Appl. Phys. A77, 167-173 (2003), and references cited therein. 11. L. V. Zhigilei, B. J. Garrison, "Molecular dynamics simulation study of the fluence dependence of particle yield and plume composition in laser desorption and ablation of organic solids," Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1341-1343 (1999)

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“…Le faisceau laser X-UV est réalisé dans une autre enceinte, située à environ 2.5 mètres de l'échantillon. Ce laser à ions néonoïdes de zinc fonctionne en double passage [4,8], ce qui lui assure d'excellentes qualités optiques. Il n'est malheureusement obtenu qu'à très faible cadence (20 minutes au minimum entre deux tirs).…”

Section: Configuration Expérimentaleunclassified

“…Cet interféromètre a ensuite permis d'étudier la "migration" de défaut sur une anode de niobium en présence de champ électrique intense appliqué à la surface de l'anode [2,3], en collaboration avec le CEA-DAPNIA au Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI) en France. Des investigations plus récentes, que nous avons mené au PALS [4], en collaboration avec l'équipe de B. Rus, ont permis de compléter nos premières études [5,6]. Ces différentes recherches nous ont ainsi permis d'accumuler une grande expérience en matière de technique interférométrique par laser X-UV.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Microscopie interférentielle X-UV : un outil pour l'étude des endommagements des surfaces optiques

et al. 2006

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Résumé. Nous présentons des résultats récents concernant des premières investigations de microscopie interférentielle par laser X-UV d'endommagement optique. Le laser X-UV utilisé est un laser collisionnel en régime quasi-stationnaire émettant à 21.2 nm, développé au Prague Asterix Laser System (PALS, Prague, République Tchèque). Des échantillons de silice fondue de haute qualité, avec ou sans rayure, étaient irradiées en face avant par un laser bleu, correspondant au 3 ème harmonique du laser à iode du PALS (1.315 m), servant également à réaliser le laser X-UV à 21.2 nm. Celui-ci était utilisé, 5 ns après l'irradiation pour réaliser une imagerie microscopique et interférentielle de la face arrière de l'échantillon. Les résultats font apparaître des déformations locales transitoires. Des premières analyses mettent en évidence une probable variation de la rugosité de la surface. Cette démonstration expérimentale encourageante ouvre la voie à de futures investigations, notamment sur notre prochaine installation laser : LASERIX.

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Multimillijoule, highly coherent x-ray laser at 21 nm operating in deep saturation through double-pass amplification

Cited by 129 publications

References 32 publications

The hydrodynamics of astrophysical jets: scaled experiments and numerical simulations

The hydrodynamics of astrophysical jets: scaled experiments and numerical simulations

Non-thermal desorption/ablation of molecular solids induced by ultra-short soft x-ray pulses

Microscopie interférentielle X-UV : un outil pour l'étude des endommagements des surfaces optiques

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