Multiobjective Optimization of a Hybrid PV/Wind/Battery/Diesel Generator System Integrated in Microgrid: A Case Study in Djelfa, Algeria

Abstract

Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources (HRES) integrated into a microgrid (MG) are a cost-effective and convenient solution to supply energy to off-grid and rural areas in developing countries. This research paper focuses on the optimization of an HRES connected to a stand-alone microgrid system consisting of photovoltaics (PV), wind turbines (WT), batteries (BT), diesel generators (DG), and inverters to meet the energy demand of fifteen residential housing units in the city of Djelfa, Algeria. In this context, the multiobjective salp swarm algorithm (MOSSA), which is among the latest nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms recently introduced for hybrid microgrid system (HMS) optimization, has been proposed in this paper for solving the optimization of an isolated HRES. The proposed multiobjective optimization problem takes into account the cost of energy (COE) and loss of power supply probability (LPSP) as objective functions. The proposed approach is applied to determine three design variables, which are the nominal power of photovoltaic, the number of wind turbines, and the number of battery autonomy days considering higher reliability and minimum COE. In order to perform the optimum size of HMG, MOSSA is combined with a rule-based energy management strategy (EMS). The role of EMS is the coordination of the energy flow between different system components. The effectiveness of using MOSSA in addressing the optimization issue is investigated by comparing its performance with that of the multiobjective dragonfly algorithm (MODA), multiobjective grasshopper optimization algorithm (MOGOA), and multiobjective ant lion optimizer (MOALO). The MATLAB environment is used to simulate HMS. Simulation results confirm that MOSSA achieves the optimum system size as it contributed 0.255 USD/kW h of COE and LPSP of 27.079% compared to MODA, MOGOA, and MOALO. In addition, the optimization results obtained using the proposed method provided a set of design solutions for the HMS, which will help designers select the optimal solution for the HMS.

Investigation of the feasibility of microgrid under three operational configurations using whale optimization algorithm

“…where E w (t) is the hourly generated energy from WT (kW), P r is the rated power of WT (kW), V(t) is the hourly wind velocity and V cutÀin , V rated and V cutÀout are the cut in wind velocity, rated wind velocity and cut out wind velocity, respectively (Bukar et al, 2019;Belboul et al, 2022).…”

“…The hourly fossil fuel consumption of the DG is defined in the following equation: where Q ( t ) is the hourly fuel consumption (L/h), E rg is the rated energy of generator and E g ( t ) is the generated energy (kW) at time frame (t). Whereas a and b are constant parameters (L/kW) represent the coefficients of fuel consumption, and ordinarily, they can be estimated to 0.246 and 0.08415, respectively (Tooryan et al , 2020; Belboul et al , 2022).…”

Simplified decoupling simulation study of non‐contact voltage measurement in distribution station area

“…Although the voltage can be accurately monitored, there is an iron core inside, which is prone to ferromagnetic resonance. The smaller size and better transmission performance of non‐contact voltage sensors have become the focus of research at home and abroad [3]. Currently, for single‐phase voltage measurement, the D‐point voltage transformer mainly utilizes the principle of electric field coupling.…”

Renewable Energy Microgrids to Improve Electrification Rate in Democratic Republic of Congo: Case of Hydro, Municipal Waste and Solar

“…Therefore, a decentralized electricity supply through use of microgrids could be used as a viable and lucrative solution (Al-Ammar et al, 2020;Sawle et al, 2018). These microgrids could be powered by solar photovoltaics (Justo & Mushi, 2020), other renewables (Gaslac et al, 2018;Jahangiri et al, 2018), and sometimes integrated with diesel generators (DG) (Belboul et al, 2022;Ji et al, 2022). Using right funding models and policy frameworks such as was proposed in Northeast Nigeria (Mshelia, 2021), the DRC could utilize renewable energy-powered microgrids to increase the electricity access to a larger rural population, and this could be extended to large cities at a low cost as compared to conventional grid (and generators).…”