Multiplatform evaluation of global trends in wind speed and wave height

Young, Ian R.; Ribal, Agustinus

doi:10.1126/science.aav9527

Cited by 403 publications

(290 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…As discussed in section , the transient field has responded to the intensification of the westerly winds in the SO (Bracegirdle et al., ; Lin et al., ; Swart & Fyfe, ; Young & Ribal, ). Furthermore, previous studies have shown a lagged response between the wind stress and TKE trends (Hogg & Blundell, ; Morrow et al., ; Patara et al., ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The temporal evolution of mesoscale-rich regions located in the Southern Ocean (SO) indicates an increase in TKE over the last two decades (Hogg et al, 2015) due to the gradual increase in wind stress over the SO (Bracegirdle et al, 2013;Lin et al, 2018;Swart & Fyfe, 2012;Young & Ribal, 2019). Some studies suggest that the SO is in an "eddy-saturated state," that is, a state in which the time mean transport is insensitive to the increase in winds and, therefore, the transient field readjusts to the wind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic Energy of Eddy‐Like Features From Sea Surface Altimetry

Martínez‐Moreno

Hogg

Kiss

et al. 2019

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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The mesoscale eddy field plays a key role in the mixing and transport of physical and biological properties and redistribution of energy in the ocean. Eddy kinetic energy is commonly defined as the kinetic energy of the time‐varying component of the velocity field. However, this definition contains all processes that vary in time, including coherent mesoscale eddies, jets, waves, and large‐scale motions. The focus of this paper is on the eddy kinetic energy contained in coherent mesoscale eddies. We present a new method to decompose eddy kinetic energy into oceanic processes. The proposed method uses a new eddy identification algorithm (TrackEddy). This algorithm is based on the premise that the sea level signature of a coherent eddy can be approximated as a Gaussian feature. The eddy Gaussian signature then allows for the calculation of kinetic energy of the eddy field through the geostrophic approximation. TrackEddy has been validated using synthetic sea surface height data and then used to investigate trends of eddy kinetic energy in the Southern Ocean using satellite sea surface height anomaly (AVISO+). We detect an increasing trend of eddy kinetic energy associated with mesoscale eddies in the Southern Ocean. This trend is correlated with an increase in the coherent eddy amplitude and the strengthening of wind stress over the last two decades.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Energy of Eddy‐Like Features From Sea Surface Altimetry

Martínez‐Moreno

Hogg

Kiss

et al. 2019

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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“…However, low-frequency variations, such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), modify the ocean circulation and modulate the processes described in this paper, and trends associated with climate change can amplify some of these processes in the future. Winds and waves are expected to increase in a warmer atmosphere (Young and Ribal 2019), which will affect the vertical mixing of buoyant plastic particles. Western boundary currents and gyres are intensifying (Yang et al 2016), with implications for the large-scale transport of floating plastic.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physical oceanography of the transport of floating marine debris

Sebille

Aliani

Law

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

612

267

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Marine plastic debris floating on the ocean surface is a major environmental problem. However, its distribution in the ocean is poorly mapped, and most of the plastic waste estimated to have entered the ocean from land is unaccounted for. Better understanding of how plastic debris is transported from coastal and marine sources is crucial to quantify and close the global inventory of marine plastics, which in turn represents critical information for mitigation or policy strategies. At the same time, plastic is a unique tracer that provides an opportunity to learn more about the physics and dynamics of our ocean across multiple scales, from the Ekman convergence in basin-scale gyres to individual waves in the surfzone. In this review, we comprehensively discuss what is known about the different processes that govern the transport of floating marine plastic debris in both the open ocean and the coastal zones, based on the published literature and referring to insights from neighbouring fields such as oil spill dispersion, marine safety recovery, plankton connectivity, and others. We discuss how measurements of marine plastics (both in situ and in the laboratory), remote sensing, and numerical simulations can elucidate these processes and their interactions across spatio-temporal scales. Environ. Res. Lett. 15 (2020) 023003 E van Sebille et al Environ. Res. Lett. 15 (2020) 023003 E van Sebille et al References Acha E M, Mianzan H W, Iribarne O, Gagliardini D A, Lasta C and Daleo P 2003 The role of the Rı́o de la Plata bottom salinity front in accumulating debris Mar. Pollut. Bull. 46 197-202 Acha E M, Piola A, Iribarne O and Mianzan H 2015 Ecological Processes at Marine Fronts: Oases in the Ocean (Berlin: Springer) Aliani S and Molcard A 2003 Hitch-hiking on floating marine debris: macrobenthic species in the Western Mediterranean Sea Hydrobiologia 503 59-67 Allen J 1985 Principles of Physical Sedimentology (Berlin: Springer) Alpers W 1985 Theory of radar imaging of internal waves Nature 314 245-7 Alsina J M and Cáceres I 2011 Sediment suspension events in the inner surf and swash zone. Measurements in large-scale and high-energy wave conditions Coast. Eng. 58

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“…Climate projections on storms and waves are complex and do not paint a clear picture globally (Church et al, ); however since 1948, waves and wind speeds have been getting stronger around the globe (Reguero, Losada, & Méndez, ; Young & Ribal, ). There is uncertainty in the projections of storminess around northern Europe, although seasonal mean and extreme wave heights are projected to increase around the south‐west of the UK, change little in the southern North Sea and reduce to the north of the UK (Jenkins et al, ).…”

Section: Fishing Operationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climate projections on storms and waves are complex and do not paint a clear picture globally (Church et al, 2013); however since 1948, waves and wind speeds have been getting stronger around the globe (Reguero, Losada, & Méndez, 2019;Young & Ribal, 2019).…”

Section: Storms and Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine recreational fishing and the implications of climate change

et al. 2019

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Marine recreational fishing is popular globally and benefits coastal economies and people's well‐being. For some species, it represents a large component of fish landings. Climate change is anticipated to affect recreational fishing in many ways, creating opportunities and challenges. Rising temperatures or changes in storms and waves are expected to impact the availability of fish to recreational fishers, through changes in recruitment, growth and survival. Shifts in distribution are also expected, affecting the location that target species can be caught. Climate change also threatens the safety of fishing. Opportunities may be reduced owing to rougher conditions, and costs may be incurred if gear is lost or damaged in bad weather. However, not all effects are expected to be negative. Where weather conditions change favourably, participation rates could increase, and desirable species may become available in new areas. Drawing on examples from the UK and Australia, we synthesize existing knowledge to develop a conceptual model of climate‐driven factors that could impact marine recreational fisheries, in terms of operations, participation and motivation. We uncover the complex pathways of drivers that underpin the recreational sector. Climate changes may have global implications on the behaviour of recreational fishers and on catches and local economies.

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Multiplatform evaluation of global trends in wind speed and wave height

Cited by 403 publications

References 38 publications

Kinetic Energy of Eddy‐Like Features From Sea Surface Altimetry

Kinetic Energy of Eddy‐Like Features From Sea Surface Altimetry

The physical oceanography of the transport of floating marine debris

Marine recreational fishing and the implications of climate change

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