Multiple Myeloma and Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia: Simultaneous Occurrence without Previous Chemotherapy

Abstract

A patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia was found to have IgG para-protein on serum electrophoresis Bence Jones K proteinuria and increased plasma cells (30%) on marrow examination. The simultaneous occurrence of the two diseases was well documented by cytochemical immunological and electron-microscopic findings. Bone marrow chromosome investigations showed an abnormal karyotype: hypodiploidy was prevalent and marker chromosomes were present. A possible relationship between acute leukemia and multiple myeloma is discussed.

Simultaneous Manifestation of Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma during Treatment by Prednisolone and Eltrombopag for Immune-Mediated Thrombocytopenic Purpura

“…On the contrary, simultaneous occurrence of MDS/AML and MM is quite a rare event. In the past, 27 cases of such coexistence of plasma cell dysplasia and myeloid malignancy, including 16 cases with MDS, have been reported [8–20]. Only 2 cases were diagnosed as CMML, while 6 out of 8 AML cases were diagnosed as myelomonocytoid type (AML-M4 or AML-M5 in FAB classification).…”

A Case of monoclonal gammopathy associated with acute myelomonocytic leukemia with eosinophilia suggested to be the result of lineage infidelity

“…The pathogenesis of AMMoL accompanied by monoclonal gammopathy is controversial [5][6][7]. Annino et al described the possible relationship between acute myelomonocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma, and stated that there is a transitory state in which these two clones are balanced at the onset of the disease [5].…”

“…The monoclonal immunoglobulins observed in this condition are considered to be produced by proliferating myeloma cells [1][2][3]. On the contrary, the simultaneous occurrence of myelomonocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma or myelomonocytic leukemia accompanied by monoclonal gammopathy in patients who had not received chemotherapy has also been reported, and the pathogenesis of this condition remains to be clarified [4][5][6][7].…”

A importância da citometria de fluxo no diagnóstico raro de mieloma mielomonocítico

“…Discute-se o efeito leucemogênico destas drogas, ou se estas leucemias são secundárias ao longo período de imunossupressão, o que leva ao desenvolvimento de um clone maligno. Raros casos com o aparecimento simultâneo de duas doenças malignas, sem quimioterapia prévia, têm sido relatados, inclusive a associação do mieloma múltiplo com a leucemia mielomonocítica aguda (3,14,15).…”