Multiple organ dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2: MODS-CoV-2

Robba, Chiara; Battaglini, Denise; Pelosi, Paolo; Rocco, Patricia R. M.

doi:10.1080/17476348.2020.1778470

Cited by 237 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Infection with other coronaviruses in these species leads to severe necrosis of the liver (in beluga whales) and lung necrosis (in Pacific harbor seals) ( Mihindukulasuriya et al, 2008 ; Woo et al, 2014 ). In humans, research is pointing towards the notion that COVID-19 is also a multi-organ disease, with many different organs such as the lung, heart, kidneys, liver, brain, blood vessels and colon, all being affected after virus infection ( Robba et al, 2020 ). Multi-organ infection was also shown for the related SARS-CoV-1 virus ( Gu et al, 2005 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemic danger to the deep: The risk of marine mammals contracting SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater

Mathavarajah

Stoddart

Gagnon

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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We are in unprecedented times with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has impacted public health, the economy and our society on a global scale. In addition, the impacts of COVID-19 permeate into our environment and wildlife as well. Here, we discuss the essential role of wastewater treatment and management during these times. A consequence of poor wastewater management is the discharge of untreated wastewater carrying infectious SARS-CoV-2 into natural water systems that are home to marine mammals. Here, we predict the susceptibility of marine mammal species using a modelling approach. We identified that many species of whale, dolphin and seal, as well as otters, are predicted to be highly susceptible to infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In addition, geo-mapping highlights how current wastewater management in Alaska may lead to susceptible marine mammal populations being exposed to the virus. Localities such as Cold Bay, Naknek, Dillingham and Palmer may require additional treatment of their wastewater to prevent virus spillover through sewage. Since over half of these susceptibility species are already at risk worldwide, the release of the virus via untreated wastewater could have devastating consequences for their already declining populations. For these reasons, we discuss approaches that can be taken by the public, policymakers and wastewater treatment facilities to reduce the risk of virus spillover in our natural water systems. Thus, we indicate the potential for reverse zoonotic transmission of COVID-19 and its impact on marine wildlife; impacts that can be mitigated with appropriate action to prevent further damage to these vulnerable populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemic danger to the deep: The risk of marine mammals contracting SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater

Mathavarajah

Stoddart

Gagnon

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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show abstract

“…As a consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, a massive amount of inflammatory factors is released, leading to a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (Li et al 1993 ). A recent article revealed that this systemic inflammatory response is associated with a hypercoagulability state, thus suggesting a new definition of COVID-19 as multiple organ dysfunction (MODS-CoV-2) (Robba et al 2020 ). Therefore, the microvascular system is damaged, resulting in an abnormal activation of the coagulation system, causing systemic small vasculitis and extensive microthrombosis (Tian et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies showed that interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP1α, also known as CCL3), and interferon gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10, also known as CXCL10) are cytokines related to thrombosis (Li et al 1993 ; Robba et al 2020 ; Mercier et al 2017 ). Mercler et al reported that the culture medium of pulmonary endothelial cell from patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension contains a high level of FGF-2, IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1 (Mercier et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IP-10 and MCP-1 as biomarkers associated with disease severity of COVID-19

Chen

Wang

Liu

et al. 2020

Mol Med

239

198

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Background COVID-19 is a viral respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Patients with this disease may be more prone to venous or arterial thrombosis because of the activation of many factors involved in it, including inflammation, platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction. Interferon gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP1α) are cytokines related to thrombosis. Therefore, this study focused on these three indicators in COVID-19, with the hope to find biomarkers that are associated with patients’ outcome. Methods This is a retrospective single-center study involving 74 severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients recruited from the ICU department of the Tongji Hospital in Wuhan, China. The patients were divided into two groups: severe patients and critically ill patients. The serum IP-10, MCP-1 and MIP1α level in both groups was detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The clinical symptoms, laboratory test results, and the outcome of COVID-19 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results The serum IP-10 and MCP-1 level in critically ill patients was significantly higher than that in severe patients (P < 0.001). However, no statistical difference in MIP1α between the two groups was found. The analysis of dynamic changes showed that these indicators remarkably increased in patients with poor prognosis. Since the selected patients were severe or critically ill, no significant difference was observed between survival and death. Conclusions IP-10 and MCP-1 are biomarkers associated with the severity of COVID-19 disease and can be related to the risk of death in COVID-19 patients.

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“…As a consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, a massive amount of in ammatory factors is released, leading to a systemic in ammatory response syndrome (9). A recent article revealed that this systemic in ammatory response is associated with a hypercoagulability state, thus suggesting a new de nition of COVID-19 as multiple organ dysfunction (MODS-CoV-2) (10). Therefore, the microvascular system is damaged, resulting in an abnormal activation of the coagulation system, causing systemic small vasculitis and extensive microthrombosis (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies showed that interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), broblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage in ammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP1α, also known as CCL3), and interferon gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10, also known as CXCL10) are cytokines related to thrombosis [9][10][11] . Mercler et al reported that the culture medium of pulmonary endothelial cell from patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension contains a high level of FGF-2, IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1 (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IP-10 and MCP-1 as biomarkers associated with disease severity of COVID-19

Chen

Wang

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: COVID-19 is a viral respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Patients with this disease may be more prone to venous or arterial thrombosis because of the activation of many factors involved in it, including inflammation, platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction. Interferon gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP1α) are cytokines related to thrombosis. Therefore, this study focused on these three indicators in COVID-19, with the hope to find biomarkers that are associated with patients’ outcome.Methods: This is a retrospective single-center study involving 74 severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients recruited from the ICU department of the Tongji Hospital in Wuhan, China. The patients were divided into two groups: severe patients and critically ill patients. The serum IP-10, MCP-1 and MIP1α level in both groups was detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The clinical symptoms, laboratory test results, and the outcome of COVID-19 patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results: The serum IP-10 and MCP-1 level in critically ill patients was significantly higher than that in severe patients (P<0.001). However, no statistical difference in MIP1α between the two groups was found. The analysis of dynamic changes showed that these indicators remarkably increased in patients with poor prognosis. Since the selected patients were severe or critically ill, no significant difference was observed between survival and death.Conclusions: IP-10 and MCP-1 are biomarkers associated with the severity of COVID-19 disease and can be related to the risk of death in COVID-19 patients.

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Multiple organ dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2: MODS-CoV-2

Cited by 237 publications

References 23 publications

Pandemic danger to the deep: The risk of marine mammals contracting SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater

Pandemic danger to the deep: The risk of marine mammals contracting SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater

IP-10 and MCP-1 as biomarkers associated with disease severity of COVID-19

IP-10 and MCP-1 as biomarkers associated with disease severity of COVID-19

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