Multiple Sclerosis and Smoking

Arneth, Borros

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.03.008

Cited by 40 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Most of Arab countries had lower family history of MS (0-10%) than our results except for Dubai 19% and Saudi Arabia kingdom 21% (Deleu et al, 2013;Inshasi and Thakre, 2011;Jumah et al, 2011). Such result of family history of MS Cigarette smoking is irritant to lungs leading to chronic inflammation and immune reaction activation, as such encouraging MS emergence as well as its relapses and progression (Arneth, 2020;Maghzi et al, 2010). In our study, 36.08% of all MS patients were current smokers (p-value <0.001).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in West bank of Palestine

Abuawad

Ziyadeh-Isleem

Alkaiyat

et al. 2022

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in West bank of Palestine

Abuawad

Ziyadeh-Isleem

Alkaiyat

et al. 2022

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The pathophysiology of MS may be also linked to genetic and environmental factors [ 120 ]. Obesity in early life [ 121 ], decreased vitamin D levels in the blood, and insufficient exposure to sunlight [ 122 ], as well as smoking [ 123 ], are the established and most frequently described causes. All of these aspects can also indirectly affect the gut microbiota.…”

Section: Gut and Neurological Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Gut Microbiota and Gut–Brain Interplay in Selected Diseases of the Central Nervous System

Doroszkiewicz

Groblewska

Mroczko

2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The gut microbiome has attracted increasing attention from researchers in recent years. The microbiota can have a specific and complex cross-talk with the host, particularly with the central nervous system (CNS), creating the so-called “gut–brain axis”. Communication between the gut, intestinal microbiota, and the brain involves the secretion of various metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), structural components of bacteria, and signaling molecules. Moreover, an imbalance in the gut microbiota composition modulates the immune system and function of tissue barriers such as the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Therefore, the aim of this literature review is to describe how the gut–brain interplay may contribute to the development of various neurological disorders, combining the fields of gastroenterology and neuroscience. We present recent findings concerning the effect of the altered microbiota on neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, as well as multiple sclerosis. Moreover, the impact of the pathological shift in the microbiome on selected neuropsychological disorders, i.e., major depressive disorders (MDD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is also discussed. Future research on the effect of balanced gut microbiota composition on the gut–brain axis would help to identify new potential opportunities for therapeutic interventions in the presented diseases.

show abstract

“…Smoking increases the risk of MS, but some other uses of tobacco may actually reduce the risk of MS (30,(44)(45)(46). Other environmental compound exposures have been found to have an effect om MS susceptibility (30) and recently, propionic acid and the composition of the intestinal microbiota has been reported to influence or be influenced by MS (47)(48)(49).…”

Section: Ms Etiology and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein-Barr Virus and Multiple Sclerosis

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurologic disease affecting myelinated nerves in the central nervous system (CNS). The disease often debuts as a clinically isolated syndrome, e.g., optic neuritis (ON), which later develops into relapsing-remitting (RR) MS, with temporal attacks or primary progressive (PP) MS. Characteristic features of MS are inflammatory foci in the CNS and intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins (Igs), measured as an IgG index, oligoclonal bands (OCBs), or specific antibody indexes. Major predisposing factors for MS are certain tissue types (e.g., HLA DRB1*15:01), vitamin D deficiency, smoking, obesity, and infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Many of the clinical signs of MS described above can be explained by chronic/recurrent EBV infection and current models of EBV involvement suggest that RRMS may be caused by repeated entry of EBV-transformed B cells to the CNS in connection with attacks, while PPMS may be caused by more chronic activity of EBV-transformed B cells in the CNS. In line with the model of EBV’s role in MS, new treatments based on monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) targeting B cells have shown good efficacy in clinical trials both for RRMS and PPMS, while MAbs inhibiting B cell mobilization and entry to the CNS have shown efficacy in RRMS. Thus, these agents, which are now first line therapy in many patients, may be hypothesized to function by counteracting a chronic EBV infection.

show abstract

Multiple Sclerosis and Smoking

Cited by 40 publications

References 56 publications

Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in West bank of Palestine

Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in West bank of Palestine

The Role of Gut Microbiota and Gut–Brain Interplay in Selected Diseases of the Central Nervous System

Epstein-Barr Virus and Multiple Sclerosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About