Multiple solutions approach to tackle circular flows in real power tracing

Abstract

Abstract-Real power tracing algorithms were invented to find the network usage by various generators and loads. Two versions of real power tracing are popularly quoted: Linear equations based and Graph theoretic based. Both the methods make use of proportional sharing assumption. When the directed graph of power flow is cyclic, the graph theoretic approach is not able to proceed further, while the linear equations based approach may or may not fail depending on the distribution matrix structure. In this paper, we propose a new paradigm of real power tracing algorithms in which we show that the tracing problem can be formulated as a linear constrained multi-commodity network flow optimization problem. By exploiting multiplicity of solution space in real power tracing, it is shown that the proposed method converges to a solution even in the presence of circular flows by virtue of its constraint modeling. Results on practical data of Western Regional Grid of India demonstrate the usefulness of the method.

A Comprehensive Review of Embedded Transmission Pricing Methods Based on Power Flow Tracing Techniques

“…In Nov 2005, Vlachogiannis and Lee [94] explained a method that determined generator contributions to the transmission system by an evolutionary computation technique. fairness criteria [95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102]. In Dec 2008, Amoli and Jadid [103] used a proportional tracing and optimal real power tracing method for allocation of loss.…”

Electricity transmission pricing: Tracing based point-of-connection tariff

“…This framework enables us to freeze to a tracing solution with an objective function that depicts the requirements. A couple of applications of the proposed approach are presented in [29,31], while performance of the proposed approach in the presence of circular flows is presented in [32]. In this paper, we define an objective function for this optimal tracing problem such that the point-ofconnection charges calculated considering network sunk cost distribution employing real power tracing, try to follow spatial variation of marginal prices, as closely as possible.…”