Multiple steady‐state solutions in an isothermal perfectly mixed flow reactor

Ahmad, Abu Bakar; Treybig, Mike N.; Anthony, R.G.

doi:10.1002/app.1977.070210802

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

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Anionic polymerization of isoprene with n‐butyllithium in n‐heptane in a continuous stirred tank reactor

Bandermann

Tappe

1985

Angew. Makromol. Chem.

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The living anionic polymerization of isoprene with n-butyllithium in n-heptane in a continuous stirred tank reactor was investigated. It is shown that there exist no multiple steady states for monomer and initiator conversions and for molecular weights at monomer and initiator feed concentrations >4 mol/l and >0,02 mol/l, respectively, as postulated by Porter et a1.6, but that the results may well be described by the known model of Sinn' . ZUSAMMENFASSUNG:Es wurde die lebende anionische Polymerisation von Isopren mit n-Butyllithium in n-Heptan in einem idealen kontinuierlichen Ruhrkessel untersucht. Es konnte gezeigt werden, da8 es oberhalb von Monomer-und Initiatoreingangskonzentrationen von, 4 mol/l bzw. 0,02 mol/l nicht zur Ausbildung multipler stationiirer Zustande im Hinblick auf die Umsiitze des Monomeren und des Initiators sowie die Hohe der Molekulargewichte kommt, wie es Porter et aL6 forderten. Die Polyreaktion kann vielmehr auch in den genannten Konzentrationsbereichen durch die bekannte Kinetik nach Sinn' beschrieben werden.

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Anionic polymerization of isoprene with n‐butyllithium in n‐heptane in a continuous stirred tank reactor

Bandermann

Tappe

1985

Angew. Makromol. Chem.

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Estimation and control in polymerization reactors. A review

Eliçabe

Meira

1988

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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The control of polymerization reactors is particularly arduous for several reasons; (a) difficulty in specification of the control objectives; (b) high exothermicities and viscosities involved: (c) complicated process dynamics: and (d) problems with measurement of the polymer structure. Computer control has now simplified many tasks such as sequential operations of batch reactors; but no less important, it has made feasible the implementation of elaborate state estimation and control algorithms. The tendency in the polymerization industry and in current research centers is centered on producing ‘tailor‐made’ polymers from the view of its microscopic and/or macroscopic structures. To this end, several solutions have been proposed. For example, in the ‘chemical approach’, open loop methods have been developed based on the detailed dynamic models of the processes. Any control technique requires a knowledge of the process to be controlled through mathematical models. These models may be developed either from detailed mass and energy balances, or through empirical input‐output or “black‐box” techniques. The most promising control techniques are probably optimal control, adaptive control, and their combinations. Optimal control is powerful because it utilizes directly the detailed non‐linear plant model. Adaptive control developed for linear plants has already proven satisfactory, in spite of the highly nonlinear nature of the polymerizations. Undoubtedly, improved solutions will be obtained when this technique is extended to non‐linear systems.

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Flow of polymerizing liquids

Malkin¹,

Zhirkov

1990

Polymer Physics

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Multiple steady‐state solutions in an isothermal perfectly mixed flow reactor

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Anionic polymerization of isoprene with n‐butyllithium in n‐heptane in a continuous stirred tank reactor

Anionic polymerization of isoprene with n‐butyllithium in n‐heptane in a continuous stirred tank reactor

Estimation and control in polymerization reactors. A review

Flow of polymerizing liquids

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