Multiple Stimuli‐Responsive Nanozyme‐Based Cryogels with Controlled NO Release as Self‐Adaptive Wound Dressing for Infected Wound Healing

Abstract

Wound with drug-resistant bacterial infections has become a serious challenge for the healthcare system, and designing wound dressing to self-adapt to the need of different stage of wound healing remains challenging. Herein, self-adaptive wound dressings with multiple stimuli-responsiveness and antibacterial activity are developed. Specifically, MoS 2 carrying a reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsive nitric oxide (NO) release precursor L-arginine (MSPA) is designed and incorporated into carboxymethyl chitosan/poly(Nisopropylacrylamide) based cryogels (CMCS/PNIPAM) with multiple responsiveness (pH, near infrared (NIR), and temperature) to form self-adaptive antibacterial cryogels that adapt to the therapeutic needs of different stages in infected wound healing. In response to the slightly acidic environment of bacterial infection, the cryogels assist the bacterial capture capacity through acid-triggered protonation behavior, and effectively enhance the photodynamic antibacterial efficiency. Controllable on-demand delivery of ROS, NO, and remote management of infected biofluid are achieved with NIR light as a trigger switch. The multiple stimuli-responsive nanozyme-based cryogels efficiently eliminate MRSA bacterial biofilm through NO assisted photodynamicand photothermal therapy (PDT&PTT). The multiple enzyme-like activities of the cryogels effectively relieved oxidative damage. Notably, these cryogels effectively reduce wound infection, alleviated oxidative stress, and accelerate collagen deposition and angiogenesis in infected wounds, indicating that multiple stimuli-responsive self-adaptive wound dressings provide new ideas for infected wound treatment.

A thermosensitive hydrogel formulation of phage and colistin combination for the management of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii wound infections

“…2,3 The complex nature of chronic wound infections, including biofilm formation, 4 antibiotic resistance 5 and hypoxia, 6 contributes to the limited efficacy of many antibiotics and promotes bacterial persistence. Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are mostly caused by Escherichia coli , 7 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 7,8 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . 9 However, the rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii and the lack of effective antibiotics pose significant medical challenges to their associated SSTIs.…”

Self-crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose nanofibril cryogels loaded with synthesized aminophosphonates as antimicrobial wound dressings

“…Numerous carriers such as hydrogels, 11,12 foam, porous aerogels, cryogels, 13–15 films and others have been used in the wound care sector. 16–18 Cryogels and their analogues xerogels and aerogels are classes of lightweight porous materials that are obtained by replacing the solvent in the gel with air without any significant change in the material network structure or the volume of the gel itself.…”

Accelerated Wound Healing with a Diminutive Scar through Cocrystal Engineered Curcumin

“…According to CSIR, topical administration and oral usage of the native Indian plant turmeric for healing wounds have been established for centuries. − When it comes to full-thickness wounds in which the epidermis, dermis, and underlying subcutaneous fat tissue are damaged, not only healing the wound but also minimizing the scar becomes particularly important. Over the past decade, considerable attempts have been invested on the advancement of novel, productive treatments to improve and speed up deep wounds repair. − …”