Multipole solitons and vortex solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

Abstract

The nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) under nonlocal nonlinear media (NNM) is described and the approximate analytical solutions of the vector multipole solitons and vortex optical soliton clusters are obtained via the variational method. The results show that the structure of the optical solitons is determined by modulation depth and topological charge. In the propagation process, the spatial soliton has an observable rotation property. Under certain conditions, the rotating space modulated vortex optical solitons degenerate into circular symmetric vortex optical solitons. The results can be extended to other physical systems.