Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells from Swine Bone Marrow

Zeng, Lepeng; Rahrmann, Eric P.; Hu, Qingsong; Lund, Troy C.; Sandquist, Lee; Felten, Mike; O’Brien, Timothy; Zhang, Jianyi; Verfaillie, Catherine M.

doi:10.1634/stemcells.2005-0551

Cited by 86 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Formation of fat cells is regulated by a complex network of transcription factors among which the most important are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and members of CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP) family (Farmer 2006). Adipogenesis has been studied extensively in vitro using mainly established mouse cell lines (3T3-L1, 3T3-F442A); however, there are a number of reports on isolating mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and differentiating them into adipocytes for different species, including pig (Zeng et al 2006;Zou et al 2008). Different aspects of adipogenesis have been investigated extensively since excess of adipose mass, i.e., obesity is one of the major health problems, contributing to pathogenesis of obesity-related disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease (Formiguera and Cantón 2004).…”

Section: Communicated By T Mistelimentioning

confidence: 99%

The spatial repositioning of adipogenesis genes is correlated with their expression status in a porcine mesenchymal stem cell adipogenesis model system

2009

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Alterations in the nuclear positioning of chromosomes and specific genes during differentiation and development have suggested strongly the existence of a relationship between non-random organization of the genome and its function. In this study, we have examined the genome organization in interphase nuclei during adipogenesis, using the pig as a model organism. We hypothesized that changes in the gene expression profile and chromatin remodeling which occur during cellular differentiation would elicit repositioning of whole chromosomes, moving specific genes on them to different regions of the nucleus. We established an in vitro adipogenesis differentiation system using mesenchymal stem cells, derived from porcine bone marrow. The nuclear position of seven adipogenesis genes (PPARG, SREBF1, FABP4, CEBPA, CEBPB, CREB, and GATA2), two control genes (SOX9 and MYL1), and six chromosomes carrying these gene loci (SSC4, SSC6, SSC12, SSC13, SSC15, and SSC17) was determined. We found that during adipogenesis, using the in vitro stem cell model system, in contrast to our original hypothesis, the nuclear position of genes involved in adipogenesis was altered radically with the up-regulation of gene expression correlating with these genes becoming more internally located within nuclei. Chromosome territories, containing these genes, were also found to alter their nuclear position during the in vitro adipogenesis model, with the most dramatic repositioning being SSC4 that moved from the nuclear periphery towards the nuclear interior. We found that during in vitro adipogenesis chromosome territories decondensed and the genes were found on loops and projections of chromatin, away from the main body of the chromosomes. From our data, it appears that the temporal repositioning of genes, emanating away from chromosomes, during adipogenesis is correlated with gene activity, supporting models of the involvement of spatial genome repositioning in regulating gene expression and the nuclear interior being an important region of the nucleus for transcription.

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Section: Communicated By T Mistelimentioning

confidence: 99%

The spatial repositioning of adipogenesis genes is correlated with their expression status in a porcine mesenchymal stem cell adipogenesis model system

2009

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“…This MAPC population represents an extremely small proportion of cells that must be kept under strictly defined culture conditions and cell confluence for many passages before they could be established. MAPC have been isolated from mice, rat, swine and human bone marrow [11,20,21]. MAPC have been shown to produce cells with characteristics of visceral mesoderm, neuroectoderm or endoderm [13,22].…”

Section: Hematopoietic Stem Cells Cell-cell Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When injected into an early blastocyst, a single MAPC has been reported to contribute to the development of various tissues [11]. These cells were isolated under defined growth conditions with a low serum content of 2% prescreened fetal bovine serum (FBS was prescreened on the basis of the ability to isolate and maintain high Oct-4 MAPC) supplemented with insulin, transferring, selenium, linoleic acid, ascorbic acid, platelet derived growth factor and epidermal growth factor [13,21]. Cells were plated in low cell densities on fibronectin coated plastic surfaces.…”

Section: Hematopoietic Stem Cells Cell-cell Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Preparations—Comparing Apples and Oranges

2007

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent a type of adult stem cells that can easily be isolated from various tissues and expanded in vitro. Past reports on their pluripotency and possible clinical applications have raised hopes and interest in MSC. Multiple designations have been given to different MSC preparations. So far MSC are poorly defined by a combination of physical, phenotypical and functional properties. As MSC could be derived from different tissues as starting material, by diverse isolation protocols, cultured and expanded in different media and conditions, the MSC preparations from different laboratories are highly heterogeneous. All of these variables might have implications (1) on the selection of cell types and the composition of heterogeneous subpopulations; (2) they can selectively favor expansion of different cell populations with totally different potentials; or (3) they might alter the long term fate of adult stem cells upon in vitro culture. The recent controversy on the multilineage differentiation potentials of some specific MSC preparations might be attributed to this lack of common standards. More precise molecular and cellular markers to define subsets of MSC and to standardize the protocols for expansion of MSC are urgently needed.

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“…Similarly, serum deprivation of human MSC cultures selects for the expansion of so-called serum-deprived MSC, which express mRNA for embryonic markers, e.g., Oct-4 (Pochampally et al 2004). Moreover, another population of BM-derived adherent cells, described as MAPC, has recently been further enriched for small cells that are embryonic-like and express SSEA, Oct-4, and Nanog (Zeng et al 2006). Furthermore, the population of MIAMI cells, which are isolated from human adult BM by culturing BM mononuclear cells in low-oxygentension conditions on fibronectin, express the embryonic stem cell markers Oct-4 and Rex-1 and differentiate into cells of multiple germ layers (D'Ippolito et al 2004).…”

Section: Identification Of Vsel Stem Cells In Bmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of very small embryonic like (VSEL) stem cells in bone marrow

et al. 2007

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Bone marrow (BM) develops in mammals by the end of the second/beginning of the third trimester of gestation and becomes a major hematopoietic organ in postnatal life. The alpha-chemokine stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to CXCR4 (G ai-protein-coupled seven transmembrane-spanning chemokine receptor) axis plays a major role in BM colonization by stem cells. By the end of the second trimester of gestation, BM becomes colonized by hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), which are chemoattracted from the fetal liver in a CXCR4-SDF-1-dependent manner. Whereas CXCR4 is expressed on HSC, SDF-1 is secreted by BM stroma and osteoblasts that line BM cavities. Mounting evidence indicates that BM also contains rare CXCR4(+) pluripotent stem cells (PSC). Recently, our group has identified a population of CXCR4(+) very small embryonic like stem cells in murine BM and human cord blood. We hypothesize that these cells are deposited during development in BM as a mobile pool of circulating PSC that play a pivotal role in postnatal tissue turnover, both of non-hematopoietic and hematopoietic tissues.

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Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells from Swine Bone Marrow

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 86 publications

References 44 publications

The spatial repositioning of adipogenesis genes is correlated with their expression status in a porcine mesenchymal stem cell adipogenesis model system

The spatial repositioning of adipogenesis genes is correlated with their expression status in a porcine mesenchymal stem cell adipogenesis model system

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Preparations—Comparing Apples and Oranges

Identification of very small embryonic like (VSEL) stem cells in bone marrow

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