Multipurpose DIY Spectrophotometer for Teaching Analytical Chemistry

Abstract

Spectroscopy is an integral part of chemical research, and the operation of any spectroscopic instrument is critical in chemical education. This study presents a low-cost, do-it-yourself (DIY) style spectrophotometer system that can be adapted for UV-Vis, fluorimetry, and atomic emission applications. The DIY system is constructed with commonly available hardware and 3D-printed parts, totaling less than $50. Python code is also provided to process the color spectrum image into intensity vs. wavelength data, similar to any commercial-level instrument. The functionality of the DIY spectrometer is demonstrated with the absorption of KMnO₄, fluorescence of fluorescein, and atomic emission of LiCl, NaCl, BaCl₂, and SrCl₂. All the collected spectra show accurate results compared to a commercial instrument or existing literature. The goal of this project is to provide a hands-on platform for undergraduate students to see and modify the individual components of a spectrophotometer, which will enhance their understanding of the underlying principles.