Multiresponse optimisation on biodiesel obtained through a ternary mixture of vegetable oil and animal fat: Simplex-centroid mixture design application

Orives, Juliane Resges; Galvan, Diego; Coppo, Rodolfo Lopes; Rodrigues, Cezar Henrique Furtoso; Angilelli, Karina Gomes; Borsato, Dionísio

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2013.12.033

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The mixture design method is applied to obtain an optimal formulation with the least number of experiments [13,16]. This strategy determines the relationship between the variables and the measured experimental responses.…”

Section: Mixture Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the Antioxidant Activities of Mixtures of Melastomataceae Leaves Species (M. malabathricum Linn Smith, M. decemfidum, and M. hirta) Using a Simplex Centroid Design and Their Anti-Collagenase and Elastase Properties

et al. 2020

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In this study, a simplex-centroid mixture design (SCMD) approach was used to select the optimal proportions of three different Melastomataceae leaves species (M. malabathricum, M. decemfidum, and M. hirta) extracts to determine the optimum antioxidant activities of total phenolic compound (TPC) and ABTS (2, 2′-azino-bis (ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) radical-scavenging activities. Twelve experimental designs were set up, consisting of points that were equally weighted mixtures of 0 to 1 components, which were pure blends (1, 0, …, 0), binary blends (1/2, 1/2, 0, …, 0), tertiary blends (1/3, 1/3, 1/3, 0, …, 0), and a control point. The in vitro anti-elastase and collagenase activities were evaluated in order to determine the anti-aging efficacy of the optimized mixture extracts. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was employed to identify the flavonoid content (rutin and quercetin) present in the optimized mixture extracts. The results showed that the best proportions of the optimum phenolic compounds and ABTS activity corresponded to 30%, 40%, and 30% of M. malabathricum, M. hirta, and M. decemfidum leaf extracts, respectively. The in vitro anti-collagenase and elastase activity evaluation of the optimized mixture extracts showed 70% inhibition against both elastase and collagenase enzymes. The HPLC analysis revealed two flavonoids (rutin and quercetin) at retention time 7.770 and 8.769 min, respectively, in the mixture extracts. This study suggests the potential exploitation of mixtures of Melastomataceae leaves (M. malabathricum, M. decemfidum, and M. hirta) as cosmetic ingredients for antioxidant and anti-wrinkles applications.

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Section: Mixture Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the Antioxidant Activities of Mixtures of Melastomataceae Leaves Species (M. malabathricum Linn Smith, M. decemfidum, and M. hirta) Using a Simplex Centroid Design and Their Anti-Collagenase and Elastase Properties

et al. 2020

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“…Although previous studies have been carried out on the synthesis and general characterization of pure beef-tallow biodiesel and its blends with other fat or oil-based biodiesels [14][15][16][17][18][19], there is still a lack of research focused on the oxidative degradation of these biodiesels. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to evaluate the effect of blending beef-tallow and soybean biodiesel on the oxidative degradation of this biofuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean and Soybean/Beef‐Tallow Biodiesel: A Comparative Study on Oxidative Degradation During Long‐Term Storage

Pereira

Garcia

Ferreira

et al. 2017

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Vegetable oils are the primary raw materials used in biodiesel production; however, they usually present oxidative stabilities inferior to the EN 14214 specifications. An alternative to improve the oxidative quality of vegetable oil biodiesel is blending it with animal fat biodiesel. In this paper, we studied the oxidative degradation of soybean/beef‐tallow biodiesel (SB) 70/30 and 50/50 (w/w) during long‐term storage. Soybean biodiesel (SO) was used as a control sample. The biodiesel samples were stored for 350 days and analyzed periodically via oxidative stability, tocopherol content, peroxide value, polar compounds, and kinematic viscosity. The results showed that SB 70/30 and 50/50 biodiesel samples presented higher oxidative stabilities than SO biodiesel. Additionally, the blends met the limits proposed by EN 14214 for oxidative stability (8 h). During long‐term storage, the SB biodiesel showed greater resistance to oxidative degradation, which was indicated by the lower formation of hydroperoxides and polar compounds. Similarly, the decline in the tocopherol content was slower in SB biodiesel. Blends of soybean and beef‐tallow biodiesel at levels of 70/30 and 50/50 are, therefore, proper alternatives to improve the oxidative quality of this biofuel.

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“…All samples of biodiesel showed IP of 6 h or higher, a threshold established by the legislation, indicating that the biofuels obtained did not require the addition of antioxidants to maintain quality during distribution, storage and use in vehicles. It is known that saturation levels are directly related to oxidative stability and more saturated raw materials lead to biodiesel with more saturated compositions . However, despite the fact that all the samples were produced with the same triacylglyceride mixture, a difference between the induction period obtained at 110 °C was observed, indicating that the choice of catalyst can influence the quality of the biodiesel.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A high reaction yield is economically advantageous, especially when using a raw material mixture, where there is a partial substitution of soybean oil for animal fats . In this context, it was observed that the HetA provides the highest reaction yield, that can be attributed to the not requirement further purification, neutralization or drying steps, which would result in mass loss of biodiesel, as observed when using the homogeneous sodium methoxide catalyst.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Catalysis on the Parameters of the Oxidation Reaction of Biodiesel

et al. 2017

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Most commercial biodiesel is produced with homogeneous basic catalyst however, environmental and economically, the use of heterogeneous catalysis is potentially advantageous since they can be reused. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis on the oxidative stability of biodiesel by the determination of the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the oxidation reactions. The catalyst produced with a mixture of MgO and KOH (HetA) led to the production of biodiesel with the highest reaction yield, ester content and oxidative stability. Among the oxidation reaction parameters evaluated, the catalyst HetA and sodium methoxide showed the best results in terms of activation energy and activation enthalpy values. Both catalysts produced biodiesel with good results in terms of oxidative stability, though the HetA catalyst stands out for presenting the best results and underlines the advantages of employing a heterogeneous process.

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Multiresponse optimisation on biodiesel obtained through a ternary mixture of vegetable oil and animal fat: Simplex-centroid mixture design application

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Optimization of the Antioxidant Activities of Mixtures of Melastomataceae Leaves Species (M. malabathricum Linn Smith, M. decemfidum, and M. hirta) Using a Simplex Centroid Design and Their Anti-Collagenase and Elastase Properties

Optimization of the Antioxidant Activities of Mixtures of Melastomataceae Leaves Species (M. malabathricum Linn Smith, M. decemfidum, and M. hirta) Using a Simplex Centroid Design and Their Anti-Collagenase and Elastase Properties

Soybean and Soybean/Beef‐Tallow Biodiesel: A Comparative Study on Oxidative Degradation During Long‐Term Storage

The Effect of Catalysis on the Parameters of the Oxidation Reaction of Biodiesel

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