Multispecies Interactions in the Georges Bank Fish Community

Collie, Jeremy S.; DeLong, A.K.

doi:10.4027/eafm.1999.18

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…This resultant form here is similar to other fisheries production models applied in the NEUS region (e.g. Spencer & Collie 1996, Collie & DeLong 1999 and elsewhere (e.g. Constable 2001, Mueter & Megrey 2006.…”

Section: Model Descriptionsupporting

confidence: 74%

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Using an aggregate production simulation model with ecological interactions to explore effects of fishing and climate on a fish community

Gamble

Link²

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Ecosystem-based fishery management requires operating models that are capable of evaluating the effects of a triad of drivers (exploitation, ecological interactions, and the physical environment) on fish populations. We present a simple operating model, AGG-PROD, that takes into account these drivers. AGG-PROD aggregates species into functional groups and applies exploitation rates to these groups, while accounting for the interactions between these groups and the environment. We loosely modeled the Northeast US Large Marine Ecosystem fish community, exploring a range of harvest, ecological interactions (competition and predation), and climate effects scenarios. We examined the independent effects of each of the triad of drivers at their base levels on the 3 main functional groups. We then explored the effects of targeted harvest on specific functional groups as well as different levels of total system harvest, both with and without climate effects. Our results indicate that the triad of drivers can lead to unanticipated, indirect effects on groups of species, and that all 3 should be taken into account by an operating model in a Management Strategy Evaluation context. Harvest tends to affect groups with a slower overall growth rate the most, while groups affected by strong ecological interactions often exhibit strong competitive or predatory release when other groups are reduced in biomass. Climate effects reduce primarily the biomass of groundfishes in our model, indicating the need for more conservative exploitation under future climate projections.

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Section: Model Descriptionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Prager 1994, Collie & DeLong 1999. Mueter & Megrey 2006, Gamble & Link 2009) and has been employed for all fished species in over 10 northern hemisphere ecosystems (Bundy et al 2012, this Theme Section, Lucey et al 2012.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using an aggregate production simulation model with ecological interactions to explore effects of fishing and climate on a fish community

Gamble

Link²

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…This effect may lead to high predation rates even after several years of low fish prey 595 density, keeping the prey at a low level. Such an effect may be present in some marine ecosystems, where low prey densities have been known to be sustained for a decade or more in locations that previously supported large densities (Collie and DeLong, 1999). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional and aggregative response of North Sea whiting

Rindorf

Gislason

2005

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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15The functional response of whiting (Merlangius merlangus L.) to clupeid and gadoid prey was determined from estimates of food intake and prey density at five locations in the North Sea. The intake of most prey types was well described by a type II (decelerating) response, although in some cases a type III (sigmoid) response provided a slightly better fit. Though a saturation level was reached for all types of 20 fish prey, none of the levels corresponded to the maximum digestive capacity of the predator. This was not caused by ingestion of other prey as the amount of other food and fish prey ingested were not negatively correlated. An investigation of the occurrence of fresh fish in the stomachs revealed that fish was ingested almost 2 exclusively during dawn and dusk and the lack of negative correlation between the 25 intake of fish and other prey may thus be a result of the limited time in which fish prey was vulnerable to predation. No aggregative response of the predators was detected towards any of the prey and catches of prey and predators were slightly negatively correlated. There was evidence of an increase in mortality with density at low clupeid densities, but mortality decreased to virtually zero at high densities. 30Whiting seem therefore unlikely to impose a regulatory effect on their fish prey outside a narrow range of prey densities.

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“…5). Biomass of the principal commercial species-cod, haddock and flounder-was reduced by fishing pressure in the 1970s and1980s (Mayo et al, 1992;Fogarty and Murawski, 1998;Collie and deLong, 1999). Among the planktivorous fish, there was a peak in sand lance in the late 1970s and early 1980s (Fig.…”

Section: Fish Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balancing end-to-end budgets of the Georges Bank ecosystem

Steele

Collie

Bisagni

et al. 2007

Progress in Oceanography

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Oceanographic regimes on the continental shelf display a great range in the time scales of physical exchange, biochemical processes and trophic transfers. The close surface-to-seabed physical coupling at intermediate scales of weeks to months means that the open ocean simplification to a purely pelagic food web is inadequate. Top-down trophic depictions, starting from the fish populations, are insufficient to constrain a system involving extensive nutrient recycling at lower trophic levels and subject to physical forcing as well as fishing. These pelagicbenthic interactions are found on all continental shelves but are particularly important on the relatively shallow Georges Bank in the northwest Atlantic. We have generated budgets for the 1 lower food web for three physical regimes (well mixed, transitional and stratified) and for three seasons (spring, summer and fall/winter). The calculations show that vertical mixing and lateral exchange between the three regimes are important for zooplankton production as well as for nutrient input. Benthic suspension feeders are an additional critical pathway for transfers to higher trophic levels. Estimates of production by mesozooplankton, benthic suspension feeders and deposit feeders, derived primarily from data collected during the GLOBEC years of 1995-1999, provide input to an upper food web. Diets of commercial fish populations are used to calculate food requirements in three fish categories, planktivores, benthivores and piscivores, for four decades, 1963-2002, between which there were major changes in the fish communities.Comparisons of inputs from the lower web with fish energetic requirements for plankton and benthos indicate that we obtained reasonable agreement for the last three decades, 1973 to 2002.However, for the first decade, the fish food requirements were significantly less than the inputs. This decade, 1963This decade, -1972, corresponds to a period characterized by a strong Labrador Current and lower nitrate levels at the shelf edge, demonstrating how strong bottom-up physical forcing may determine overall fish yields.

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Multispecies Interactions in the Georges Bank Fish Community

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Using an aggregate production simulation model with ecological interactions to explore effects of fishing and climate on a fish community

Using an aggregate production simulation model with ecological interactions to explore effects of fishing and climate on a fish community

Functional and aggregative response of North Sea whiting

Balancing end-to-end budgets of the Georges Bank ecosystem

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