Multistep One-Pot Reactions Combining Biocatalysts and Chemical Catalysts for Asymmetric Synthesis

Abstract

In a continuous effort to emulate the efficiency of biosynthetic pathways, considerable progress has been made in developing one-pot chemoenzymatic processes that take full advantage of the chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity of biocatalysts and the productivity of chemical catalysts. Over the last 20 years, research in this area has provided us with proof of concept examples in which chemical and biological transformations occur in one vessel, sequentially or concurrently. These transformations typically access products with high enantiopurity and chemical diversity. In this perspective, we present some of the most successful reports in this field.

Metal-Catalyzed Intra- and Intermolecular Addition of Carboxylic Acids to Alkynes in Aqueous Media: A Review

“…Also of note is the fact that, just by selecting the adequate KRED, both enantiomers of the γ-hydroxyvaleric acid could be obtained with excellent ee values. Finally, the combination of metal catalysis and biocatalysis has emerged in recent years as a powerful tool for developing new synthetic methodologies merging the advantages of both disciplines in terms of reaction scope and selectivity [64][65][66]. In this context, García-Álvarez, González-Sabín and co-workers described very recently the one-pot conversion of 4-pentynoic acid into enantiopure γ-hydroxyvaleric acid in aqueous medium, through the combined use of KAuCl 4 and ketoreductases (KREDs) (Scheme 18) [67].…”

Tandem Reactions Combining Biocatalysts and Chemical Catalysts for Asymmetric Synthesis

“…To date, immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) [16] and C. antarctica lipase A (CALA) [3] have been the most common enzymes of choice to prepare R-or S-enantiomers of alcohols respectively, owing to their robustness and activity in organic solvents at temperatures up to 100 • C. …”

“…Recently, there is a new trend to combine chemocatalysis and biocatalysis in one-pot to obtain synergistic synthetic abilities that cannot be achieved by either separately [3]. Chemocatalysis and biocatalysis are generally considered two different fields, each with their unique considerations.…”

Preparation and characterisation of a Ni2+/Co2+-cyclam modified mesoporous cellular foam for the specific immobilisation of His6-alanine racemase

“…The current major applications of cascade biocatalysis are for racemic resolutions 160 and asymmetric synthesis 22 . Both of these syntheses involve the formation of optically pure molecules, which is proving to be demanding in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical sectors.…”