Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in neonates due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: An emerging entity

Nagda, Ashwini; Vishal, Sawant; Rajput, Kiran; Malik, Sushma; Singh, Vinaya Ajaykumar; Kondekar, Santosh

doi:10.32677/ijch.v8i11.3153

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…10) Seizures of variable types are common among the more con crete neurological events. 9,24,28,30,49,[88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97] As expected, some are particularly detailed as febrile seizures. 24) In a large American multi center surveillance study, neonatal COVID-19 was accom panied by a 1.9% frequency of seizures; the frequency did not differ significantly between severe and non-severe patient groups.…”

Section: Manifestations Of Infant Infectionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…98) Neurological complications accompanying MIS-N and MIS-C have also been reported. 49,58,80,85,86,91,92,94) As stated above, these complications include seizures. One review cited an incidence of central nervous system involvement as high as 50% in these patients.…”

Section: Manifestations Of Infant Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurological complications accompanying MIS-N and MIS-C have also been reported [ 49 , 58 , 80 , 85 , 86 , 91 , 92 , 94 ]. As stated above, these complications include seizures.…”

Section: Covid-19 Among Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is akin to the use of clinical diagnostic criteria and associated perils for several other syndromic illnesses [ 146 ]. Such heterogeneity is especially illustrated by variations in case reporting [ 91 , 94 , 101 , 147 - 150 ].…”

Section: Controversy Regarding Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…146) Such heterogeneity is especially illustrated by variations in case reporting. 91,94,101,[147][148][149][150] Where details have been provided, it is possible to exemplify several potential problems. For patients who were previously administered antibiotics, a noninfectious cause of the patients' manifestations is possible as an adverse 80,86) revised CDC 142) WHO 78,86) United Kingdom 143,144) New York 145) Mexico 113) Multicentre 143) India 58) India, Qatar For the clinical manifestations that are recommended as diagnostic criteria, variations may cause considerable interstudy differences.…”

Section: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Children and Neo Natesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 among infants: key clinical features and remaining controversies

Cimolai

2024

Clin Exp Pediatr

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Infants aged <1 year represent a seemingly more susceptible pediatric subset for infections. Despite this, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has not been proven as more serious in this age group (outside the very early neonatal period) than in others. Indeed, a considerable number of asymptomatic infections have been recorded, and the symptoms and morbidity associated with COVID- 19 differ minimally from those of other respiratory viral infections. Whether due to an abundance of caution or truly reduced susceptibility, infections in infants have not raised the same profile as those in other age groups. In addition to direct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 diagnostic tests, laboratory markers that differentiate COVID-19 from other viral infections lack specificity in infants. Gastrointestinal presentations are common, and the neurological complications of infection mirror those of other respiratory viral infections. There have been relatively few reports of infant deaths. Under appropriate precautions, breastfeeding in the context of maternal infections has been associated with tangible but infrequent complications. Vaccination during pregnancy provides protection against infection in infants, at least in the early months of life. Multi-inflammatory syndrome in children and multi-inflammatory syndrome in neonates are commonly cited as variants of COVID-19; however, their clinical definitions remain controversial. Similarly, reliable definitions of long COVID in the infant group are controversial. This narrative review examines the key clinical and laboratory features of COVID-19 in infants and identifies several areas of science awaiting further clarification.

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Section: Manifestations Of Infant Infectionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Manifestations Of Infant Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurological complications accompanying MIS-N and MIS-C have also been reported [ 49 , 58 , 80 , 85 , 86 , 91 , 92 , 94 ]. As stated above, these complications include seizures.…”

Section: Covid-19 Among Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Controversy Regarding Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Children and Neo Natesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

COVID-19 among infants: key clinical features and remaining controversies

Cimolai

2024

Clin Exp Pediatr

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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and neonates (MIS-N) associated with COVID-19: optimizing definition and management

et al. 2022

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During the SARS-CoV-2-associated infection (COVID-19), pandemic initial reports suggested relative sparing of children inversely related to their age. Children and neonates have a decreased incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and if infected they manifested a less severe phenotype, in part due to enhanced innate immune response. However, a multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) or paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 emerged involving coronary artery aneurysms, cardiac dysfunction, and multiorgan inflammatory manifestations. MIS-C has many similarities to Kawasaki disease and other inflammatory conditions and may fit within a spectrum of inflammatory conditions based on immunological results. More recently neonates born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy demonstrated evidence of a multisystem inflammatory syndrome with raised inflammatory markers and multiorgan, especially cardiac dysfunction that has been described as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in neonates (MIS-N). However, there is a variation in definitions and management algorithms for MIS-C and MIS-N. Further understanding of baseline immunological responses to allow stratification of patient groups and accurate diagnosis will aid prognostication, and inform optimal immunomodulatory therapies. Impact Multisystem inflammatory system in children and neonates (MIS-C and MIS-N) post COVID require an internationally recognized consensus definition and international datasets to improve management and plan future clinical trials. This review incorporates the latest review of pathophysiology, clinical information, and management of MIS-C and MIS-N. Further understanding of the pathophysiology of MIS-C and MIS-N will allow future targeted therapies to prevent and limit clinical sequelae.

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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in neonates due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: An emerging entity

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

COVID-19 among infants: key clinical features and remaining controversies

COVID-19 among infants: key clinical features and remaining controversies

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and neonates (MIS-N) associated with COVID-19: optimizing definition and management

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