Multivariate Approach to Comparing Whole-Cell Proteomes of Bacillus cereus Indicates a Biofilm-Specific Proteome

Abstract

Biofilm bacteria are widely held to exhibit a unique phenotype, typified by their increased resistance to antimicrobial agents. Numerous studies have been devoted to the identification of biofilm-specific genes, but surprisingly few have been reported to date. We compared the whole cell proteomes of 24 h old Bacillus cereus biofilms and the associated suspended population to exponential, transient and stationary phase planktonic cultures using the unbiased approach of principal component analysis, comparing the quantity variations of the 823 detected spots. The analyses support the hypothesis that biofilms of Gram positive bacteria have a unique pattern of gene expression. The data provides proteomic evidence for a new biofilm and surface influenced planktonic population which is distinct to both planktonic and biofilm cells.

Proteome approaches combined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed a distinctive biofilm physiology in Bordetella pertussis

“…5). These results are consistent with those reported for P. aeruginosa and B. cereus [16,17,35] which, based on multivariate proteomic approaches (PCA), indicated that biofilm formation has a distinctive and specific impact on the bacterial physiology compared to planktonic growth. However, in the past the existence of a biofilm specific physiology has been questioned based on microarray data.…”

“…For example, a hypothetical spectrum of a cell mixture composed of 25% of a population A and 75% of a population B results from the following arithmetic operation applied to the FT-IR spectra: 0.256spec-trum condition A 1 0.756spectrum condition B. A similar approach was carried out to generate in silico mixed proteomes according to Vilain and Brözel [17]. In silico mixed spectra and proteomes were statistically analysed as described above.…”

“…The combination of proteomic tools with multivariate statistical methods paves the way for analysing complex arrays of datasets to get a more holistic picture of the relationship among samples [15]. Recent studies in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus demonstrated the power of multivariate proteomic approaches to investigate the distinctiveness of biofilm formation [16,17]. Despite the great contribution of these approaches, a proper combination of proteomic data with metabolic and physiological data could significantly contribute to the understanding of the biofilm lifestyle of bacteria.…”

Signals, Regulatory Networks, and Materials That Build and Break Bacterial Biofilms

“…This issue has been addressed in a number of recent studies. One study compared the proteome of Bacillus cereus grown under biofilm conditions with those of logarithmic-and stationary-phase planktonic cultures using principal-component analysis (335). The results of the analysis showed that the biofilm proteome was different from the stationary-phase proteome, arguing that biofilms are distinct from stationary-phase populations.…”

Determination of desirable properties of bacteria, fungi and their biofilm associated with rubber rhizosphere

“…Similar observation has been made by the others (Seneviratne and Indrasena, 2006); Jayasinghearachchi and Seneviratne, 2006) where 8-13 fold increment of phosphorus solubilization was observed with biofilm application. This could be due to high level of organic acids production associated with biofilm community with high level of gene expression and it was different from their individual microbes present in the environment (Vilain and Brozel, 2006).…”