Mumps Outbreak at a University and Recommendation for a Third Dose of Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine — Illinois, 2015–2016

Abstract

Mumps is an acute viral disease characterized by fever and swelling of the parotid or other salivary glands. On May 1, 2015, the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) confirmed a mumps outbreak at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. IDPH and the Champaign-Urbana Public Health District (C-UPHD) conducted an investigation and identified 317 cases of mumps during April 2015-May 2016. Because of sustained transmission in a population with high 2-dose coverage with measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, a third MMR dose was recommended by IDPH, C-UPHD, and the university's McKinley Health Center. No formal recommendation for or against the use of a third MMR dose has been issued by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) (1). However, CDC has provided guidelines for use of a third dose as a control measure during mumps outbreaks in settings in which persons are in close contact with one another, where transmission is sustained despite high 2-dose MMR coverage, and when traditional control measures fail to slow transmission (2).

Assessing the Changes of Mumps Characteristics with Different Vaccination Strategies Using Surveillance Data: Importance to Introduce the 2-Dose Schedule in Quzhou of China

“…The majority of outbreaks occurred amongst school-age children [5]. Outbreaks have been reported amongst highly vaccinated populations in numerous countries [6][7][8]. In September 2010, supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) using MM were performed, targeting children aged 8 months to 4 years of age.…”

Immunogenicity of mumps virus vaccine candidates matching circulating genotypes in the United States and China

“…Two doses of the MMR vaccine reduced the number of mumps cases to under 300 annually in the United States from 2001–2005 [35]. However, mumps outbreaks have occurred in the United States in the last decade, including the large outbreak centered around a university in Iowa, which had over 5,000 cases in 2006 [36–39]. Mumps outbreaks have also been reported in vaccinated populations in Europe and Asia [20–23,40,41].…”

Produção De Cepas Vacinais Do Vírus Da Caxumba: Uma Revisão De Literatura

“…Existem dados limitados sobre a eficácia de uma terceira dose de vacina contra caxumba. Durante os surtos recentes, quando uma terceira dose foi administrada como medida de controle, houve uma redução na incidência da doença (40,41). No entanto, não está esclarecido se a redução foi um resultado da vacinação da terceira dose ou foi simplesmente o declínio natural da incidência da doença, pois as intervenções ocorreram após o início do pico de ocorrência do surto.…”

“…No entanto, não está esclarecido se a redução foi um resultado da vacinação da terceira dose ou foi simplesmente o declínio natural da incidência da doença, pois as intervenções ocorreram após o início do pico de ocorrência do surto. A recomendação de uma intervenção com evidências de eficácia insuficientes pode resultar em gastos desnecessários e aumentar o risco de potenciais eventos adversos relacionados à vacina (40).…”