Municipal solid waste source-separated collection in China: A comparative analysis

Tai, Jun; Zhang, Weiqian; Che, Yue; Feng, Dan

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2011.03.014

Cited by 272 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Methane emission from landfill is known to be the largest source of GHG emission from waste sector (United Nations Environment Programme [UNEP], 2010). Organic waste is also the major source for leachate production in landfill and causes unpleasant odors (Tai, Zhang, Che, & Feng, 2011). Leachate, a fluid infiltrating from landfill generated from liquid already present in the waste or water from outside penetrating through the waste, contains various Vol.…”

Section: Waste Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Source separation of waste is important to reduce waste treatment cost (Pokhrel & Viraraghavan, 2005). According to Tai et al (2011), because of lack of kitchen waste separation, municipal recycling system receives 60% of food remnants, thus causing MSW to be of low calorific value, high moisture content and high proportion of organisms with low average net heating value. Therefore, waste segregation should be encouraged at least in two categories: organic and non-organic.…”

Section: Waste Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Public education on MSW source-separated collection through various media such as radio, television, newspaper and internet have helped increase residents' awareness (75%) and their behavior (50%); but it should also be supported with required facility as inadequate number of classified containers in residential areas have led to poor source-separated collection rate (18%) (Tai et al, 2011).…”

Section: Waste Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Household Waste Generating Factors and Composition Study for Effective Management in Gorkha Municipality of Nepal

Maskey¹,

Singh²

2017

JSD

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Municipal solid waste is a growing concern in cities of developing countries and households are the main contributor. Lack of reliable data sources remain one of the major drawbacks for deciding on effective waste management option. The study area Gorkha municipality is selected because it is one of the highly under-researched and least resource intensive municipalities in Nepal. However, continued growth in municipal waste if left unattended will only intensify the problem and thus demands proactive action. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze waste composition and to evaluate the socioeconomic factors impacting household waste generation for effective management. Using stratified sampling method, 401 households were selected from all 15 municipal wards. Socioeconomic factors impacting household waste generation were assessed using Ordinary Least Square regression model. The rate of household waste generation in Gorkha municipality is found to be 0.24 kg/capita/day and estimated total household waste generation of 9.4 tonnes/day. Household size and income are found to have positive impact on waste generation, both statistically significant at 1% and thus can be important indicators to forecast solid waste generation trend. Household waste composition was 47.25% organic waste, 37.52% recyclable waste that comprised of 10.38% paper and paper products, 9.88% glass, 6.92% metal, 5.39% plastic, 3.57% textile and 1.38% rubber and leather, and rest 15.23% other waste. Organic waste has the highest share and if not managed properly, creates serious health and environmental hazards. It could be managed efficiently by composting at household and local government level.

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Section: Waste Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Waste Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Waste Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Household Waste Generating Factors and Composition Study for Effective Management in Gorkha Municipality of Nepal

Maskey¹,

Singh²

2017

JSD

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“…Generally speaking, wet and dry separation is voluntarily practiced in all piloting cities. Though source separation has been promoted as a key priority for waste diversion in China [39], it still stayed at the initial stage due to the limitation of financial resources from local government, underdeveloped equipment and facilities, absence of regulations and sanction measures, missing market of source classification, and poor performance of recycling systems [40][41][42]. As a result, the accumulated amount of MSW in China occupied 50,000 hectares of land in 1998 [43], and more cities were caught in the garbage siege.…”

Section: Voluntary Source Separation Program Paired With Fee Chargingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is believed that the voluntary participation of individuals into environment programs is driven primarily by their habits that value environmental conservation. However, in Beijing, only 52% of residents, who are overwhelmingly in favor of source separation of MSW, have participated in such programs [63]; the source separation rate is only 45.1% in Shanghai [64], and the separation rate is less than 15% in the other six pilot cities [39]. By contrast, all households in Germany are required to separate their domestic waste into categories of paper, glass, light-packaging, biodegradable, and others [65], and the corresponding recycling rate there rose from about 10% in 1992 to over 40% in 2007 [66].…”

Section: Community Characteristics and Per Capita Mswmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Crowding-Out Effects of Garbage Fees and Voluntary Source Separation Programs on Waste Reduction: Evidence from China

2016

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This paper examines how and to what degree government policies of garbage fees and voluntary source separation programs, with free indoor containers and garbage bags, can affect the effectiveness of municipal solid waste (MSW) management, in the sense of achieving a desirable reduction of per capita MSW generation. Based on city-level panel data for years 1998-2012 in China, our empirical analysis indicates that per capita MSW generated is increasing with per capita disposable income, average household size, education levels of households, and the lagged per capita MSW. While both garbage fees and source separation programs have separately led to reductions in per capita waste generation, the interaction of the two policies has resulted in an increase in per capita waste generation due to the following crowding-out effects: Firstly, the positive effect of income dominates the negative effect of the garbage fee. Secondly, there are crowding-out effects of mandatory charging system and the subsidized voluntary source separation on per capita MSW generation. Thirdly, small subsidies and tax punishments have reduced the intrinsic motivation for voluntary source separation of MSW. Thus, compatible fee charging system, higher levels of subsidies, and well-designed public information and education campaigns are required to promote household waste source separation and reduction.

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Pyrolysis coupled anaerobic digestion process for food waste and recalcitrant residues: Fundamentals, challenges, and considerations

Giwa

Chang

et al. 2019

Energy Science & Engineering

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Food waste (FW) is a severe environmental problem all over the world, and the recalcitrant organic residues (ROR) from FW treatment plant operations are also a critical environmental issue due to unsustainable treatment and disposal techniques.Requirements for FW and ROR complete exploitation with the establishment of recycling-renewable technologies are very crucial. This paper review AD and pyrolysis as two promising technologies to degrade FW and its residues, creating numerous renewable bioenergy yields with value-added. Existing oil/tar application methods in the AD suffered from various problems such as microorganism toxicity and limited productivity. Future upgrading techniques considering the second-stage pyrolysis process to decompose oil/tars for syngas with high hydrogen content and enhanced bio-methanation in the AD were addressed. Simultaneous pyrolysis by-product recycle in the AD during the valorization of FW are aimed to have the features of sustainability toward increased bioenergy production, reactor efficiency, and agricultural application. K E Y W O R D Sanaerobic digestion, coupling, food waste, pyrolysis, recalcitrant organic residues | 2251 GIWA et Al.

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Municipal solid waste source-separated collection in China: A comparative analysis

Cited by 272 publications

References 16 publications

Household Waste Generating Factors and Composition Study for Effective Management in Gorkha Municipality of Nepal

Household Waste Generating Factors and Composition Study for Effective Management in Gorkha Municipality of Nepal

The Crowding-Out Effects of Garbage Fees and Voluntary Source Separation Programs on Waste Reduction: Evidence from China

Pyrolysis coupled anaerobic digestion process for food waste and recalcitrant residues: Fundamentals, challenges, and considerations

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