Mupirocin ointment for preventing Staphylococcus aureus infections in nasal carriers

Staphylococcus aureus Screening and Decolonization in Orthopaedic Surgery and Reduction of Surgical Site Infections

“…2A) [9,11,16,20,24,26,30,43,47], the reduction of S. aureus SSIs ranged from 40% to 200% (Fig. 2B) [5,9,16,19,42,51], the reduction of MRSA SSIs ranged from 29% to 149% (Fig. 2C) [9,29,36,40,49,57], and the reduction of wound complications was reported at 4% in one study [7].…”

“…aureus detection was performed by PCR in four studies [5,19,30,40], culture in 13 studies [7,9,11,16,20,24,26,29,36,42,43,49,57], mixed methods of detection in one aggregate study [51], and unknown in one study [47]. Fifteen of the studies reported SSI reductions when only S. aureuspositive screened patients were decolonized, and eight studies [9,11,16,20,26,36,51,57] reported decreases in Table 2. SSIs when all patients were decolonized.…”

“…The current evidence evaluating the use of S. aureus screening and decolonization in orthopaedic patients is mostly fair, because most studies were retrospective, had smaller samples, or were published before 2007. However, there were three studies that were prospective, randomized controlled trials that showed that this screening and decolonization protocol was effective in all orthopaedic patients [5,51] and in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty and spine surgery [26].…”

“…Of the 19 studies that evaluated the ability of S. aureus screening and decolonization to reduce SSI in orthopaedic patients, there were nine prospective studies [5,26,30,42,43,47,49,51,57] and 10 retrospective studies [7,9,11,16,19,20,24,29,36,40] (Table 1). Most studies evaluating S. aureus screening and decolonization in orthopaedic patients were conducted on patients undergoing elective total joint arthroplasty [11,16,19,20,25,30,42,43,47,49], although many studies did evaluate all elective orthopaedic patients [5,9,24,29,36,40,51,57], spine patients [7,30], and trauma patients [36].…”

“…Most studies evaluating S. aureus screening and decolonization in orthopaedic patients were conducted on patients undergoing elective total joint arthroplasty [11,16,19,20,25,30,42,43,47,49], although many studies did evaluate all elective orthopaedic patients [5,9,24,29,36,40,51,57], spine patients [7,30], and trauma patients [36]. The majority of studies detected S. aureus colonization using cultures, most SSIs were defined by CDC criteria, the majority of studies did not differentiate between superficial versus deep infections, and most of the patients who underwent decolonization were positive for S. aureus on nasal screens ( Table 2).…”