Muscle recruitment patterns and saddle pressure indexes with alterations in effective seat tube angle

McDonald, Reece; Holliday, Wendy; Swart, Jeroen

doi:10.1016/j.smhs.2021.10.007

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These tools measure objective variables to improve the interaction between the cyclist and his bike by adjusting bike position and components. 65,67…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These tools measure objective variables to improve the interaction between the cyclist and his bike by adjusting bike position and components. 65,67 Finally, sEMG seems little taken into account in bikefitting, despite the action of the muscles being a key point for efficient pedalling. 75 The appearance of integrated systems in clothing seems to be an interesting innovation for bike-fitting professionals both in terms of ease of use and the reduced cost of the technology compared to traditional systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, no study demonstrated that the number of sensors integrated into the Gebiomized mapping system is not sufficient to evaluate saddle pressure and this device is commonly used in the scientific literature. 12,65 The sensors send information through wireless transmission to specific software. Generally, these systems provide indicators related to the mean pressure across the saddle and the locations of the maximum pressure values (mbar); comparison of pressure distribution between the left and right sides and between the front and rear (pubic and ischial tuberosities) of the saddle (%); the loaded area (cm 2 ); the ischial tuberosity distance (mm); the pelvis rotation (degrees) and the position and movement of the centre of pressure (mm).…”

Section: Pressure Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pedalling motion is the result of a synergy between different muscle groups of the lower limbs, which is affected by the cycling position and material used. 65,71 The muscle activity can be studied by measuring sEMG activity, which corresponds to the electrical signals that initiate the muscle contraction. The sEMG can be characterized by the muscle activity level (root-mean-square or integrated EMG value) and the muscle activation timing (onset and offset times and duration of EMG burst).…”

Section: Surface Electromyographymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A literature overview of modern biomechanical-based technologies for bike-fitting professionals and coaches

Millour

Velásquez

Domingue

2022

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The optimization of cycling position is essential to improve performance and prevent overuse injuries. Bike-fitting methods, based on biomechanical variables, have been proposed in the scientific literature. To facilitate and generalize their use, the bike-fitting industry has developed various technologies to study and analyze the cycling position. The vast majority of bike-fitting protocols are based on joint kinematics, which can be evaluated in laboratory with two- or three-dimensional motion analysis systems. Joint kinematics can also be assessed in outdoor conditions with inertial measurement units, but currently, these tools provide a limited number of variables compared to laboratory systems. In addition, the bike-fitting professional can analyse pedalling technique with pedal forces to understand the effects of the bike adjustments on pedalling effectiveness. To complete the biomechanical evaluation, pressure mapping sensors allow for the measurement of the pressure load and distribution on the interfaces between the cyclist and the bicycle to detect imbalances and choose bike components (e.g., saddle). To go further in the analysis, muscular activity can be assessed with surface electromyography sensors to detect imbalances or asymmetry. The aim of this literature overview is to clearly define the role of these technologies in a bike-fitting protocol and identify their characteristics and limitations while proposing perspectives for future developments. Therefore, this work is intended for bike-fitting professionals and coaches wishing to choose the most suitable technologies to study and improve the cycling position, and for the bike-fitting industry, in order to optimize existing technologies and help develop new concepts.

show abstract

“…These tools measure objective variables to improve the interaction between the cyclist and his bike by adjusting bike position and components. 65,67…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pressure Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Surface Electromyographymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A literature overview of modern biomechanical-based technologies for bike-fitting professionals and coaches

Millour

Velásquez

Domingue

2022

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The major muscles typically studied were the gluteus maximus (GM), rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), biceps femoris (BF, long head), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and tibialis anterior (TA) [ 48 ]. The study by McDonald et al (2021) [ 51 ] evaluated the muscle activity of these muscles and the changes in the saddle pressure mapping indexes with alteration of the effective seat tube angle (ESTA). To vary the latter, the handlebars and the saddle were moved forwards or backwards simultaneously by 3 cm.…”

Section: Muscle Activity and Saddle Pressuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saddle Pressures Factors in Road and Off-Road Cyclists of Both Genders: A Narrative Review

Vicari,

Patti,

Giustino

et al. 2023

JFMK

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The contact point of the pelvis with the saddle of the bicycle could generate abnormal pressure, which could lead to injuries to the perineum in cyclists. The aim of this review was to summarize in a narrative way the current literature on the saddle pressures and to present the factors that influence saddle pressures in order to prevent injury risk in road and off-road cyclists of both genders. We searched the PubMed database to identify English-language sources, using the following terms: “saddle pressures”, “pressure mapping”, “saddle design” AND “cycling”. We also searched the bibliographies of the retrieved articles. Saddle pressures are influenced by factors such as sitting time on the bike, pedaling intensity, pedaling frequency, trunk and hand position, handlebars position, saddle design, saddle height, padded shorts, and gender. The jolts of the perineum on the saddle, especially on mountain bikes, generate intermittent pressures, which represent a risk factor for various pathologies of the urogenital system. This review highlights the importance of considering these factors that influence saddle pressures in order to prevent urogenital system injuries in cyclists.

show abstract

The biomechanics of maintaining effective force application across cycling positions

Jongerius

Wainwright

Walker

et al. 2022

Journal of Biomechanics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Muscle recruitment patterns and saddle pressure indexes with alterations in effective seat tube angle

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

A literature overview of modern biomechanical-based technologies for bike-fitting professionals and coaches

A literature overview of modern biomechanical-based technologies for bike-fitting professionals and coaches

Saddle Pressures Factors in Road and Off-Road Cyclists of Both Genders: A Narrative Review

The biomechanics of maintaining effective force application across cycling positions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About