Musculoskeletal Disorders Affecting Work Performance Among Ground-Handling Personnel: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Ground-handling personnel are critical for airline operations and ensuring safety during flights. Yet, these workers are at risk of developing MSDs due to highly physically demanding tasks. which can impact their health and work performance. This review examines common risk factors affecting MSDs and their impact on work performance, while also exploring prevention and management strategies for this occupational group. A total of 342 articles were identified through an explorative search of the PubMed database, Direct Scopus, and Google scholar with the limitation of the year from to 2015-2024. Only 16 articles were considered and classified based on their operation category, such as ramp operation, flight maintenance, cabin crew and baggage handler articles. The results reveal that musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in ground handling personnel can be influenced not only by physical factors but also by organizational, psychological, and social aspects, which can negatively impact work efficiency and performance. ground handling workers are exposed to various musculoskeletal risks, including physical exertion, unnatural postures, Standing for extended periods., repetitive tasks, tight deadlines, and heavy lifting, as well as organizational and psychological concerns. It is crucial to mitigate these risks to safeguard and enhance musculoskeletal health of the workers.