Musculoskeletal Hydatid Disease

Abstract

Hydatid disease is an infectious disease caused by the larval stage of the parasitic tapeworm Echinococcosis granulosus. Its distribution is worldwide. Although hydatid disease can develop in almost any part of the body, it is most commonly found in the liver and lung. Musculoskeletal involvement is rare. The radiological appearance of the hydatid disease of musculoskeletal system mimics tumors and other inflammatory conditions. Therefore preoperative diagnosis of musculoskeletal hydatid disease is sometimes difficult clinically and radiologically. On radiography, different radiographic changes may occur. In cases of osteolytic and inflammatory changes, it may mimic any variant of nonspecific or specific osteomyelitis. Bone erosion and destruction may lead to almost complete osteolysis, bone may distort, and on occasion, its radiologic appearances may be confused with those of a malignant bone tumor. Computed tomography (CT) is more accurate in delineating the area of destruction. The primary role of CT and magnetic resonance imaging is in the recognition of extraosseous spread of the hydatid disease within the soft tissues. This article reviews the pathological basis and the clinical and imaging features of musculoskeletal hydatid disease.

Alt Ekstremiteye Yayılım Gösteren Primer Intrakranial Kist Hidatik: Olgu Sunumu

“…Tanı anında papil ödemi bulunur. Lezyon genellikle soliterdir [13][14][15][16] [17][18][19] . Olgumuzda intrakranial kist hidatik tanısı alan bir çocuk hastada 5 ay sonra dizde de benzer lezyon ortaya çıktı.…”

Painful left thigh mass

“…While the "rim sign," a thick dark cyst wall on T2-weighted images, is characteristic at other sites [4], it is not as specific a finding in muscle. After contrast medium administration, the perihydatidic layer typically enhances [1] (Fig. 2c in the case presentation).…”

“…On radiographs, osseous HD may mimic an aggressive primary or secondary bone tumor, bacterial osteomyelitis, or fibrous dysplasia with coarse trabeculation, sclerosis, bone expansion, erosion, cortical destruction, and osteolysis [1,2]. MRI may demonstrate characteristic round structures, daughter vesicles, within the mother cyst that are lower signal intensity on T1-weighted images with no enhancement after contrast medium administration, a finding helpful in the diagnosis (Fig.…”

“…MRI may demonstrate characteristic round structures, daughter vesicles, within the mother cyst that are lower signal intensity on T1-weighted images with no enhancement after contrast medium administration, a finding helpful in the diagnosis (Fig. 2 in the case presentation) [1,2]. The younger daughter vesicles appear darker on T1-weighted images because they contain more pure fluid and fewer protoscoleces than the mother cyst [3].…”

“…The inner layer produces brood capsules and protoscoleces that may form daughter vesicles or disseminated disease, if the cyst ruptures. No perihydatidic adventitia forms in bone, and intramedullary spread readily occurs [1]. Hydatid cysts grow slowly and asymptomatically, 1-30 mm/year, generally over decades [7].…”