Musical murmurs: Clinical implications, long-term prognosis, and echo-phonocardiographic features

The preoperative management of the child with a heart murmur

“…Or the murmur may be related to higher aortic flow volume and velocity but not caused by a smaller aortic size (Gardiner & Joffe 1991). It may be that turbulence in the aortic root is responsible or that in hearts with some structural abnormality, vibration of intracardiac structures causes the murmur (Stein & Sabbah 1977;Stein et al 1982;Sheikh et al 1984;Pennestri et al 1989). Others have postulated that vibration of, or turbulence around, left ventricular bands is responsible (Daraz et al 1987;Harpin & Ostman-Smith 1987).…”