Mutation, Chemoprofiling, Dereplication, and Isolation of Natural Products from Penicillium oxalicum

Abstract

Diethyl sulfate (DES)-based chemical mutagenesis was applied on different fungal strains with the aim of diversifying the secondary metabolites. The mutant strain (VRE-MT1) of Penicillium oxalicum was subjected to dereplication (LCMS-based) and isolation of natural products, resulting in obtaining 10 molecules of bioactive potential. Metabolites, viz. tuckolide, methylpenicinoline, 2-acetyl-3,5-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethylbenzeneacetic acid, penicillixanthone A, brefeldin A 7-ketone, and antibiotic FD 549, were observed for the first time from P. oxalicum . The results of antimicrobial activity reveal that the compounds N -[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]formamide, methylpenicinoline, and penipanoid A have potent antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633) with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 16, 64, and 16 μM, respectively, and the compounds N -[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]formamide, methylpenicinoline, and penipanoid A were found active against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), with MIC values of 16, 64, and 16 μM, respectively. Also, the metabolites N -[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]formamide and tuckolide showed effective antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid scavenging assays. The mutant VRE-MT1 was found to have 8.34 times higher quantity of N -[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]formamide as compared to the mother strain. The DES-based mutagenesis strategy has been found to be a potent tool to diversify the secondary metabolites in fungi.

Assessment of Biological Activities of Fungal Endophytes Derived Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Amoora rohituka

“…The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of EA extract of P. oxalicum was in accordance with previous study, which showed that fungal endophyte P. oxalicum isolated from Citrus limon showed linear correlation between high phenolic content and DPPH scavenging activity with an EC 50 value of 127.56 μg/mL [ 44 ]. The metabolites N-[2-(4 hydroxyphenyl) ethenyl] formamide and tuckolide isolated from P. oxalicum were effective against DPPH radical scavenging assay with EC 50 values of 18.53 and 79.17 μg/mL, respectively [ 45 ].…”

Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Benzotriazole-Based β-Amino Alcohols and Their Corresponding 1,3-Oxazolidines

“…Additionally, it is pertinent to mention that the present investigation is a result of our continuous efforts toward the development of greener methodologies for the creation of targeted bioactive heterocyclic scaffolds, ,,− quantification, and isolation cum purification techniques for biologically active components obtained from different sources. − …”