Myositis and Vaccines

Rodríguez‐Pintó, Ignasi; Shoenfeld, Yehuda

doi:10.1002/9781118663721.ch37

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Furthermore, the development of autoimmune diseases after vaccination by molecular mimicry and bystander activation in genetically susceptible individuals has frequently been discussed [ 40 , 41 ]. There have been also a few case reports of vaccinations as a potential trigger of dermatomyositis but no significant association has been established in previous vaccination studies [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New-onset dermatomyositis following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination: a case-based review

et al. 2022

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Dermatomyositis is a rare, type I interferon-driven autoimmune disease, which can affect muscle, skin and internal organs (especially the pulmonary system). In 2021, we have noted an increase in new-onset dermatomyositis compared to the years before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in our center. We present four cases of new-onset NXP2 and/or MDA5 positive dermatomyositis shortly after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. Three cases occurred within days after vaccination with Comirnaty and one case after SARS-CoV-2 infection. All patients required intensive immunosuppressive treatment. MDA5 antibodies could be detected in three patients and NXP2 antibodies were found in two patients (one patient was positive for both antibodies). In this case-based systematic review, we further analyze and discuss the literature on SARS-CoV-2 and associated dermatomyositis. In the literature, sixteen reports (with a total of seventeen patients) of new-onset dermatomyositis in association with a SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination were identified. Ten cases occurred after infection and seven after vaccination. All vaccination-associated cases were seen in mRNA vaccines. The reported antibodies included for instance MDA5, NXP2, Mi-2 and TIF1γ. The reviewed literature and our cases suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination may be considered as a potential trigger of interferon-pathway. Consequently, this might serve as a stimulus for the production of dermatomyositis-specific autoantibodies like MDA5 and NXP2 which are closely related to viral defense or viral RNA interaction supporting the concept of infection and vaccination associated dermatomyositis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New-onset dermatomyositis following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination: a case-based review

et al. 2022

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“…Cases of Induced-dermatomyositis have been previously reported in the literature by different drugs and vaccines, like the forms developed after the H1N1 vaccine, trivalent influenza vaccine, and HBV or Hepatitis B vaccination [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amyopathic dermatomyositis induced by the COVID-19 vaccination

Noura

2023

J Clin Images Med Case Rep

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“…Interestingly, there are case studies which report development of DM after vaccination against some of these viruses, notably HBV, HPV, influenza and VACV (Ignasi Rodriguez-Pinto, 2015). Overall, the DM-specific viral signature includes viruses which can either directly infect muscle tissue and/or indirectly sabotage immune homeostasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial and autoantibody immunogenic repertoires in TIF1γ autoantibody positive dermatomyositis

Megremis

Walker

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We investigate the accumulated microbial and autoantigen antibody repertoire in adult-onset dermatomyositis patients sero-positive for TIF1γ (TRIM33) autoantibodies. We use an untargeted high-throughput approach which combines immunoglobulin disease-specific epitope-enrichment and identification of microbial and human antigens. Increased microbial diversity was observed in dermatomyositis. Viruses were over-represented and species of the Poxviridae family were significantly enriched. The autoantibodies identified recognised a large portion of the human proteome, including interferon regulated proteins; these proteins were clustered in specific biological processes. Apart from TRIM33, autoantibodies against eleven further TRIM proteins, including TRIM21, were identified. Some of these TRIM proteins shared epitope homology with specific viral species including poxviruses. Our data suggest antibody accumulation in dermatomyositis against an expanded diversity of microbial and human proteins and evidence of non-random targeting of specific signalling pathways. Our findings indicate that molecular mimicry and epitope spreading events may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of dermatomyositis.

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Myositis and Vaccines

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

New-onset dermatomyositis following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination: a case-based review

New-onset dermatomyositis following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination: a case-based review

Amyopathic dermatomyositis induced by the COVID-19 vaccination

Microbial and autoantibody immunogenic repertoires in TIF1γ autoantibody positive dermatomyositis

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