N-Doped carbon supported Co₃O₄nanoparticles as an advanced electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction in Al–air batteries

Abstract

Low cost Co3O4/N-KB was proposed as a high performance catalyst for Al-air battery. The full battery using this catalyst in air electrode displayed a high discharge voltage plateau of ~1.52 V, comparable to that of the commercial Pt/C (20wt%).

Significantly enhanced oxygen reduction activity of Cu/CuN x C y co-decorated ketjenblack catalyst for Al–air batteries

“…For N-KB, the two peaks shift to the 1313.07 and 1586.19 cm −1 , respectively. As reported, this red shift phenomenon is a general feature for Ndoping carbon materials [31,35] . That is to say, nitrogen is successfully doped into the carbon via the incorporation of melamine as nitrogen source.…”

“…The Koutecky-Levich equation was used for the electron transfer number ( n ) calculation, the detailed formula can be obtained in references [1,31] . To further verify the ORR mechanism, the peroxide percentage and the number were calculated based on the equations in references [1,31] . The kinetic current for Tafel plot was calculated according to the equation shown in reference [1] .…”

“…A home-made electrochemical cell was used for Al-air battery measurements, with the net volume size of 50 × 32 × 50 mm and a 10 mm diameter air hole was used for the test. Other details can be seen in our previous references [2,31,32] . Fig.…”

Recent Progress and Future Trends of Aluminum Batteries

“…[120,[132][133][134] For the electrolyte part, some additives like cationic surfactant, (In(OH) 4 À ), (SnO 3 2À ), zinc oxide and plant extracts have been proposed to suppress the evolution of hydrogen, corrosion and dissolution of Al metal electrode, leading to better performance. [119][120]138] To replace the expensive rare catalyst, some cheap composites, such as Fe 3 O 4 , [139] Co 3 O 4 , [140][141] LaMnO 3 , [142] MnCo 2 O 4 , [143][144] MnO x , [145][146][147] FeÀ CÀ N, [148] CoOÀ CÀ N, [149][150] perovskites, [119,142] and so on [151] have been investigated. [119][120]138] To replace the expensive rare catalyst, some cheap composites, such as Fe 3 O 4 , [139] Co 3 O 4 , [140][141] LaMnO 3 , [142] MnCo 2 O 4 , [143][144] MnO x , [145][146][147] FeÀ CÀ N, [148] CoOÀ CÀ N, [149][150] perovskites, [119,142] and so on [151] have been investigated.…”

“…[135][136][137] The cathode (air electrode), which always employ rare catalysts (e. g. Pt, Pd, Ag), is the most expensive components and to a certain content determining the cell performance of metal-air battery. [119][120]138] To replace the expensive rare catalyst, some cheap composites, such as Fe 3 O 4 , [139] Co 3 O 4 , [140][141] LaMnO 3 , [142] MnCo 2 O 4 , [143][144] MnO x , [145][146][147] FeÀ CÀ N, [148] CoOÀ CÀ N, [149][150] perovskites, [119,142] and so on [151] have been investigated. The detailed performance of the various cathode catalysts, electrolytes and alloy anodes for Al-air batteries have been discussed in some recent review references.…”